Radiation in combination with immune-checkpoint inhibitors

Mayor, Susan

doi:10.1016/s1470-2045(15)70118-x

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“… [165] Thus, since checkpoint inhibitors can circulate systemically and assist in T cell function in distant tumors, as has widely been proposed they may represent a final common therapy to extend local treatments to provide distant tumor control. [166 , 167] …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The paradox of radiation and T cells in tumors

Gough

Crittenden

2022

Neoplasia

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The paradox of radiation and T cells in tumors

Gough

Crittenden

2022

Neoplasia

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“…28,64,66,67 Classically, radiation therapy has been employed in the context of combinatorial treatment regimens (involving surgery and chemotherapy), either with a curative objective (i.e., with the aim to eradicate primary neoplasms or prevent recurrence) or with a palliative intent (i.e., to limit the pain/discomfort caused by malignancies at specific anatomical locations). 5,6 Along with the recognition that radiation therapy can mediate potent immunostimulatory effects, considerable interest has been attracted by combinatorial regimens involving EBRT plus one (or more) immunotherapeutic agent(s), [68][69][70][71] including checkpoint blockers, [72][73][74][75] immunostimulatory antibodies, 72,76 recombinant cytokines, [77][78][79] anticancer vaccines, 80-84 indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) inhibitors, 85,86 adoptively transferred cells, [87][88][89] oncolytic viruses, [90][91][92][93] Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists, 94,95 and various small molecules that operate on the immunological tumor microenvironment. In this Trial Watch, we summarize recent preclinical and clinical advances in the development of combinatorial anticancer regimens based on EBRT plus immunotherapy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trial Watch: Immunotherapy plus radiation therapy for oncological indications

et al. 2016

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Malignant cells succumbing to some forms of radiation therapy are particularly immunogenic and hence can initiate a therapeutically relevant adaptive immune response. This reflects the intrinsic antigenicity of malignant cells (which often synthesize a high number of potentially reactive neo-antigens) coupled with the ability of radiation therapy to boost the adjuvanticity of cell death as it stimulates the release of endogenous adjuvants from dying cells. Thus, radiation therapy has been intensively investigated for its capacity to improve the therapeutic profile of several anticancer immunotherapies, including (but not limited to) checkpoint blockers, anticancer vaccines, oncolytic viruses, Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists, cytokines, and several small molecules with immunostimulatory effects. Here, we summarize recent preclinical and clinical advances in this field of investigation.

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The current status of checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic bladder cancer

Fahmy

Khairul-Asri

Stenzl

et al. 2016

Clin Exp Metastasis

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For many decades, no significant improvements could be achieved to prolong the survival in metastatic bladder cancer. Recently, systemic immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors (anti-PD-L1/anti-CTLA-4) has been introduced as a novel treatment modality for patients with metastatic bladder cancer. We conducted a systematic review according to the PRISMA statement for data published on the clinical efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic bladder cancer. Clinical efficacy of anti PD-L1 therapy was investigated in prospective trials in a total of 155 patients. Patients with positive expression for PD-L1 tended towards better overall response rates (ORR) compared to those with negative expression (34/76 vs 10/73, 45 vs 14 %; p = 0.21). Among patients with PD-L1 positive tumors, those with non-visceral metastases exhibited significantly higher ORR compared to those with visceral metastases (82 vs 28 %; p = 0.001). For anti-CTLA4 therapy, there were no data retrievable on clinical efficacy. Although data on clinical efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic bladder cancer are currently limited, the efficacy of these drugs might depend mainly on the metastatic volume and immune system integrity. Patients with PD-L1 positive tumors and non-visceral metastases seem to derive the highest benefit from therapy.

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Radiation in combination with immune-checkpoint inhibitors

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

The paradox of radiation and T cells in tumors

The paradox of radiation and T cells in tumors

Trial Watch: Immunotherapy plus radiation therapy for oncological indications

The current status of checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic bladder cancer

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