Radio Channel Study for Colon Capsule Endoscopy with Low-Band UWB Multiple Antenna System

Särestöniemi, Mariella; Pomalaza‐Ráez, Carlos; Iinatti, Jari

doi:10.1109/ismict56646.2022.9828189

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The study is carried out with Dassault Simulia CST Studio Suite [28] and its anatomical voxel model Laura. A simplified capsule model from the previous studies [25,26] is used in the evaluations. Furthermore, a directional on-body antenna designed for low-band UWB in-body communications [24] is used.…”

Section: Simulation Scenariomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The antenna features a cavity (grey area in the antenna) to enhance its directivity towards the body. This antenna was originally introduced in [24] and has been used in several inbody channel studies in [18,19,25,26]. The realized gains of the antenna when located on the body are presented in Figs.…”

Section: A Antennas 1) On-body Antennamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4c. Previous studies presented in [25], [26] have been carried out with five on-body antennas, which also provided sufficient coverage over the intestinal tract. However, now the number of on-body antennas is increased to seven to further improve coverage in the upper and lower parts of the gastrointestinal tract (GI) and stomach area.…”

Section: ) On-body Antenna Locationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One approach to overcome this challenge is to use directional onbody antennas that focus the radiation towards the body, while still meeting the specific absorption ratio (SAR) criteria, and 2 hence strengthening the communication link between the inbody and the on-body device [23,24]. Since the human intestinal system is wide and complex, a multiantenna system is essential to obtain full coverage on the intestinal area especially at UWB frequencies between 3.1 -10.6 GHz [25][26]. Besides, the multiantenna system is essential for capsule localization [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The novelty of this research is that, to the author's knowledge, other UWB capsule endoscope channel studies are not based on such comprehensive evaluations throughout the whole gastrointestinal tract using an anatomical voxel model and multiple directional on-body antennas. This paper evaluates a 7-antenna setup throughout the whole gastrointestinal tract, expanding on the previous results presented in [25][26] which only evaluated a few capsule locations with 5-antenna setup.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comprehensive Analysis of Wireless Capsule Endoscopy Radio Channel Characteristics Using Anatomically Realistic Gastrointestinal Simulation Model

et al. 2023

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This paper presents a comprehensive study of radio channels related to capsule endoscopy communications in ultra wideband wireless body area networks (UWB-WBAN) utilizing multiple antenna systems. The research includes 363 channel realizations, obtained through simulations using an anatomically realistic human voxel model and a capsule model. A capsule position is modelled in such a way that it moves throughout the entire intestinal tract. The study examines the frequency and time domain characteristics of the channels in various capsule locations, including the most challenging positions deep inside the tissues or far away from most of the antennas. Additionally, the propagation characteristics inside the abdominal tissue are studied by calculating the most obvious propagation paths based on power flow illustrations and reflecting the results with the channel impulse response analysis. The impact of capsule rotation is also studied. It is shown how small changes in capsule location can greatly impact on the channel characteristics if the thickness of the tissues between the capsule and the on-body antenna changes significantly. The paper concludes with statistical analysis of the channel data, including path loss and root mean square (RMS) delay spread. The results provide valuable insight into how the signal propagates inside different parts of the gastrointestinal tract. They show that channel attenuation remains moderate along most of the gastrointestinal tract, and that even the deepest locations in the small intestine area can be resolved with the use of directional on-body antennas and receivers with higher sensitivity.INDEX TERMS Channel modeling, implant communications, in-body propagation, path loss, power flow analysis, realistic voxel models, rms delay spread.

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Section: Simulation Scenariomentioning

confidence: 99%