Radiologic Observations in Cerebral Embolization from Left Heart Myxomas

Stoane, Leonard; Allen, Joseph H.; Collins, Harold A.

doi:10.1148/87.2.262

Cited by 87 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The pathogenesis of myxomatous aneurysms is not fully understood as of now. The original hypothesis put forward by Stoane et al was that perivascular damage may be due to vascular occlusion by tumor material followed by scarring and pseudoaneurysm formation [22]. Later histopathological evidence showed active invasion of the vasa vasorum by viable tumor emboli, thereby leading to destruction of the architecture of arterial walls similar to the mechanism of mycotic aneurysms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The imaging features of neurologic complications of left atrial myxomas

Liao

Ramkalawan

Liu

et al. 2015

European Journal of Radiology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The imaging features of neurologic complications of left atrial myxomas

Liao

Ramkalawan

Liu

et al. 2015

European Journal of Radiology

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“…Cardiac myxomas may also cause aneurysms [22, 23, 24, 25]as well as cardio-embolic stroke. The growth of the embolism has been described as causing space-occupying lesions [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient Ischaemic Attack: A Common Initial Manifestation of Cardiac Myxomas

Álvarez-Sabín¹,

Lozano²,

Sastre‐Garriga³

et al. 2001

Eur Neurol

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Background and Aims: Cardiac myxomas may present clinically with many different features. Since highly effective treatments exist, it is important that they are diagnosed quickly in order to avoid further complications. Our aim was to determine the influence of neurological presentation in diagnosis and prognosis of cardiac myxomas. Methods: We have reviewed the clinical charts of 28 patients diagnosed with cardiac myxomas seen at our centre in the last 20 years. Results: Mean age at diagnosis in patients with neurological events was 49.22 years and 60.84 years in those without neurological manifestations (p = 0.0325). Most frequent presentations were: cardiac manifestations (92.8%), general manifestations (71.4%) and embolic events (39.3%). Nine patients (32.1%) presented with cerebral embolism; 7 of whom presented with transient ischaemic attacks (TIA), which was the first manifestation in 6 of them; 3 of them later suffered complete cerebral infarction with sequelae. Echocardiography confirmed diagnosis in 26 out of 27 patients in which it was performed. None of the patients presented neurological symptoms after surgery. Conclusion: The most frequent initial neurological manifestation in our series was TIA. Nevertheless, none of the patients were diagnosed after the first neurological symptom. Although the contribution of cardiac myxomas to the total amount of TIA is low, since surgery is highly effective and of low risk, and patients with neurological manifestations are younger, it is vital to consider the possibility of cardiac myxoma after a TIA of unknown origin.

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“…On CT, multiple discrete focal areas of intraparenchymal bleed are noted containing tiny enhancing foci conforming usually to a single vascular territory. Subarachnoid bleed in the adjacent cisternal spaces is also frequently noted 4,5,6,8 . Wedge-shaped hypodense areas involving both grey and white matter are also seen in the infarcted portion of brain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Cardiac myxomas are rare mesenchymal tumours which constitute approximately 50% of primary cardiac neoplasms 1,2,3,4 . About 75% arise in the left atrium of which 45% are associated with systemic arterial embolization, the most common organ involved being the brain 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral Myxomatous Angiopathy. Imaging Features

Sonwalkar

Gupta

Varma

et al. 2004

Rivista di Neuroradiologia

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Strokes due to embolization from a cardiac myxoma are rare. Myxomatous cerebral emboli can cause occlusion of intracranial vessels or oncotic aneurysm formation. We describe a case of cardiac myxoma presenting with stroke having bilateral cerebral infarct and oncotic aneurysm formation. Myxomatous emboli have characteristic CT, MR and angiography findings, which are well seen in this case. The pathogenesis, imaging features, clinical presentation and natural history are discussed.

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Radiologic Observations in Cerebral Embolization from Left Heart Myxomas

Cited by 87 publications

References 11 publications

The imaging features of neurologic complications of left atrial myxomas

The imaging features of neurologic complications of left atrial myxomas

Transient Ischaemic Attack: A Common Initial Manifestation of Cardiac Myxomas

Cerebral Myxomatous Angiopathy. Imaging Features

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