Radiological Changes Associated with New Bone Formation Following Osteotome Sinus Floor Elevation (OSFE): A Retrospective Study of 40 Patients with 18-Month Follow-Up

Abstract

BackgroundOsteotome sinus floor elevation (OSFE) is used to increase the bone volume at the site of the maxillary sinus through the transalveolar approach, and may require support with bone grafting. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the radiological changes associated with new bone formation following OSFE during an 18-month follow-up period.Material/MethodsForty patients (including 51 implants) underwent OSFE with final dental reconstruction with a single crown, six months after surgery. Of the 51 dental implants, 24 were implanted with bone grafts, and 27 were implanted without bone grafts. All patients were reviewed using preoperative cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and panoramic radiographs in postoperative follow-up immediately after OSFE, at six-month follow-up, at 12-month follow-up, and at 18-month follow-up. The degree of new bone formation following OSFE was measured by endo-sinus bone gain (ESBG) in the digital radiographs, and the related factors were analyzed.ResultsAt 18-month follow-up, the mean ESBG was 2.55±2.24 mm (range, 0.1–8.6 mm). Partial correlation analysis showed that there was no significant correlation between residual bone height (RBH) and ESBG (partial correlation coefficient −0.143) (P=0.328). There were significant positive correlations between the implant protrusion length (IPL) and ESBG (partial correlation coefficient 0.560) (P=0.000), and whether to perform bone grafts and ESBG (partial correlation coefficient 0.596) (P=0.000).ConclusionsFollowing OSFE combined with a short implant, the IPL and the performance of bone grafts were significantly associated with new bone formation.

Outcomes of maxillary sinus floor augmentation without grafts in atrophic maxilla: A systematic review and meta‐analysis based on randomised controlled trials

“…However, Si et al claimed the opposite that the endosinus new bone formation was not significantly correlated with the residual bone height in their 3‐year randomised controlled clinical trial. Yang et al reported also no significant correlation between the new bone formation and the residual bone height. The residual bone height is critical in obtaining initial stability and selecting which programme to operate, but may not directly influenced the amount of new bone formation.…”

Assessment of the Simultaneous Use of Biomaterials in Transalveolar Sinus Floor Elevation: Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial in Humans

“…Along the same lines, Yang et al [28] performed a retrospective study on 51 implants by analyzing the radiographic changes found in the first months. They used implants of similar diameter to ours (4.5-5 mm) and with lengths of 6-8 mm.…”

Linear measurements of sinus floor elevation based on voxel‐based superimposition of cone beam computed tomography images

“…Several representative parameters are regularly measured in the CBCT images, including residual alveolar bone height, protruded implant length, and total elevated height. The protruded implant length and total elevated height are reported to correlated with the endosinus bone gain in the follow‐ups after bone remodeling and implant osseointegration . For the residual alveolar bone height, studies have demonstrated its impact on the success rate of implant placed in elevated sinus.…”

“…Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) provides comprehensive anatomical information of hard and soft tissues, and has been greatly popularized in dentistry during the last two decades . Nowadays, treatment involving sinus floor elevation regularly employs CBCT scans before surgery to assess the bone volume of the residual ridge, sinus anatomy, the presence or absence of membrane pathological change . Meanwhile, the evaluation of treatment outcomes also involves CBCT scans after the surgery to reconfirm the sinus membrane integrity, implant position, and the dimensions of the augmented volume .…”

“…4 Nowadays, treatment involving sinus floor elevation regularly employs CBCT scans before surgery to assess the bone volume of the residual ridge, sinus anatomy, the presence or absence of membrane pathological change. 5 Meanwhile, the evaluation of treatment outcomes also involves CBCT scans after the surgery to reconfirm the sinus membrane integrity, 6 implant position, 7 and the dimensions of the augmented volume. 8 Moreover, literatures studying the long-term outcome of sinus elevation, including volume changes of the graft, 9 new bone formation of different graft materials, 10,11 or various elevation approaches 12 are linked to indispensable use of CBCT.…”