Radioprotective effects of ultra-small citrate-stabilized cerium oxide nanoparticles in vitro and in vivo

Abstract

Different radioprotective action mechanisms of CeO2 nanoparticles in vitro and in vivo are demonstrated and discussed.

Estimation of radiation dose-reduction factor for cerium oxide nanoparticles in MRC-5 human lung fibroblastic cells and MCF-7 breast-cancer cells

“…The main reason of these observations is ability of CONPs in scavenging of free radicals [29,30]. Our experiment is in line with previous results [31,32]. Tarnuzzer et al evaluated radioprotective effect of CONPs on CRL8798, an immortalized normal breast epithelial cell line, and MCF-7 at a 10 Gy radiation dose value.…”

Metal-based NanoEnhancers for Future Radiotherapy: Radiosensitizing and Synergistic Effects on Tumor Cells

“…Numerous studies have investigated cerium (another high-Z lanthanide rare earth element) oxide (ceria, CeO 2 ) nanoparticles and demonstrated their diverse applications, such as radioprotection, radiosensitization, anticancer therapeutics, and antioxidation 174 - 178 . Tarnuzzer et al found that ceria NPs protected the normal human breast CRL-8798 epithelial cells but not the human breast cancer MCF-7 cells from radiation-induced cell death 179 .…”

Cerium oxide nanoparticles provide radioprotective effects upon X-ray irradiation by modulation of gene expression

“…The radiolysis of water that occurs in the cytoplasm of cells under the action of ionizing radiation leads to the generation of a large number of free radicals and reactive oxygen species, which damage the cellular structures, ultimately leading to its death [21]. We have previously shown that the main contribution to the radioprotective effect of CeO 2 nanoparticles is precisely the decrease of intracellular ROS concentration due to chemical inactivation of water radiolysis products on the surface of nanoparticles [5]. At the same time, we revealed a complex mechanism The expression of four key antioxidant enzymes (SOD1, SOD2, glutathione peroxidase-1 and glutathione reductase) was further studied by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) upon exposure of the cells to X-rays in the presence of CeO 2 nanoparticles (Figs.…”

“…The low toxicity and high biocompatibility of nanodisperse CeO 2 ensure the comparative safety of its application in vivo, which allows one to consider this material as a promising component of drugs and medicinal preparations. We have previously found [5] that CeO 2 nanoparticles are able to prevent the development of oxidative stress induced by ionizing radiation not only by direct inactivation of free radicals, but also indirectly, by modulating the expression of a number of genes involved in key intracellular enzyme cascades. The unique physicochemical characteristics of cerium dioxide nanoparticles and their biological activity make it possible to consider this nanomaterial as a promising radioprotector with a complex mechanism of protective action.…”