Radiosensitivity of Normal Human Epidermal Cells in Culture

Dover, R.; Potten, Christopher S

doi:10.1080/09553008314550771

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“… (F89) The radiosensitivity of colony-forming primary keratinocytes from childhood foreskin was measured in vitro (Dover and Potten, 1983). The survival curves showed that the cell population was more sensitive ( D 0 of 0.7–0.9 Gy) than murine epidermal colony-forming cells in vivo ( D 0 of approximately 1.3 Gy).…”

Section: Annex a Haematopoietic Tissues: Role Played By Stem Cells Amentioning

confidence: 99%

ICRP Publication 131: Stem Cell Biology with Respect to Carcinogenesis Aspects of Radiological Protection

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This report provides a review of stem cells/progenitor cells and their responses to ionising radiation in relation to issues relevant to stochastic effects of radiation that form a major part of the International Commission on Radiological Protection's system of radiological protection. Current information on stem cell characteristics, maintenance and renewal, evolution with age, location in stem cell 'niches', and radiosensitivity to acute and protracted exposures is presented in a series of substantial reviews as annexes concerning haematopoietic tissue, mammary gland, thyroid, digestive tract, lung, skin, and bone. This foundation of knowledge of stem cells is used in the main text of the report to provide a biological insight into issues such as the linear-no-threshold (LNT) model, cancer risk among tissues, dose-rate effects, and changes in the risk of radiation carcinogenesis by age at exposure and attained age. Knowledge of the biology and associated radiation biology of stem cells and progenitor cells is more developed in tissues that renew fairly rapidly, such as haematopoietic tissue, intestinal mucosa, and epidermis, although all the tissues considered here possess stem cell populations. Important features of stem cell maintenance, renewal, and response are the microenvironmental signals operating in the niche residence, for which a well-defined spatial location has been identified in some tissues. The identity of the target cell for carcinogenesis continues to point to the more primitive stem cell population that is mostly quiescent, and hence able to accumulate the protracted sequence of mutations necessary to result in malignancy. In addition, there is some potential for daughter progenitor cells to be target cells in particular cases, such as in haematopoietic tissue and in skin. Several biological processes could contribute to protecting stem cells from mutation accumulation: (a) accurate DNA repair; (b) rapidly induced death of injured stem cells; (c) retention of the DNA parental template strand during divisions in some tissue systems, so that mutations are passed to the daughter differentiating cells and not retained in the parental cell; and (d) stem cell competition, whereby undamaged stem cells outcompete damaged stem cells for residence in the niche. DNA repair mainly occurs within a few days of irradiation, while stem cell competition requires weeks or many months depending on the tissue type. The aforementioned processes may contribute to the differences in carcinogenic radiation risk values between tissues, and may help to explain why a rapidly replicating tissue such as small intestine is less prone to such risk. The processes also provide a mechanistic insight relevant to the LNT model, and the relative and absolute risk models. The radiobiological knowledge also provides a scientific insight into discussions of the dose and dose-rate effectiveness factor currently used in radiological protection guidelines. In addition, the biological information contributes potential reasons for the ...

show abstract

Section: Annex a Haematopoietic Tissues: Role Played By Stem Cells Amentioning

confidence: 99%

ICRP Publication 131: Stem Cell Biology with Respect to Carcinogenesis Aspects of Radiological Protection

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Cell survival was evaluated as described by Dover and Potten (1983) from the formula: Colonies judged to have 50 cells or more were scored as survivors.…”

Section: Determination Of Cell Survivalmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Radiosensitivity of Cultured Human and Mouse Keratinocytes

Parkinson

Hume

Potten

1986

International Journal of Radiation Biology and Related Studies

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Clonogenic survival assays after gamma-radiation in vitro were performed on freshly isolated and subcultured keratinocytes from mouse skin, mouse tongue and human skin. Survival curves were constructed by fitting the data to a multi-target model of cell survival. When subcultured, keratinocytes from all sites produced survival curves which showed a reduced shoulder region and an increased D0 when compared with their freshly isolated counterparts. Freshly isolated human skin keratinocytes were more radiosensitive than mouse keratinocytes from either skin or tongue.

show abstract