Rainbow Color Map (Still) Considered Harmful

Borland, David; Taylor, Russell M.

doi:10.1109/mcg.2007.323435

Cited by 387 publications

(335 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…While such an approach may provide useful insights into the gross performance of the model, most often for experts in the problem under consideration who have already developed an intuition for where the model is most likely to perform well or poorly, it does not provide a quantitative assessment of model fidelity. Judgments based on such visualizations are always subjective, and easily influenced by the presentation (e.g., due to choice of colors used in visualizing the data 22 ). Moreover, in many cases such as the comparisons of contour plots as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation metrics for turbulent plasma transport

Holland

2016

Physics of Plasmas

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Developing accurate models of plasma dynamics is essential for confident predictive modeling of current and future fusion devices. In modern computer science and engineering, formal verification and validation processes are used to assess model accuracy and establish confidence in the predictive capabilities of a given model. This paper provides an overview of the key guiding principles and best practices for the development of validation metrics, illustrated using examples from investigations of turbulent transport in magnetically confined plasmas. Particular emphasis is given to the importance of uncertainty quantification and its inclusion within the metrics, and the need for utilizing synthetic diagnostics to enable quantitatively meaningful comparisons between simulation and experiment. As a starting point, the structure of commonly used global transport model metrics and their limitations is reviewed. An alternate approach is then presented, which focuses upon comparisons of predicted local fluxes, fluctuations, and equilibrium gradients against observation. The utility of metrics based upon these comparisons is demonstrated by applying them to gyrokinetic predictions of turbulent transport in a variety of discharges performed on the DIII-D tokamak [J. L. Luxon, Nucl. Fusion 42, 614 (2002)], as part of a multi-year transport model validation activity.

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Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation metrics for turbulent plasma transport

Holland

2016

Physics of Plasmas

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“…The false color scale with higher perception is the developed 'Rainbow', which has presented a significant result when compared with the conventional rainbow palette previously defined [7]. The new palette facilitates the perception, would improve understanding and facilitates medical images interpretation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, recent studies [6] have shown that the CIE does not represent the human eye perception of color, there are even difference between genders (Fig. 4), bringing to discussion the proposed standard rainbow scale proposed by Borland [7] that is widely implemented in software's that use false color maps over radiometric images. The open star is the background (illuminant C), [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A proposal of a standard rainbow false color scale for thermal medical images

Vardasca¹,

Gabriel²

2014

Proceedings of the 2014 International Conference on Quantitative InfraRed Thermography

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Medical thermal imaging offers the opportunity of human body physiology monitoring. The frequent use of false color scales in those images has the objective of being a visual aid for human eye interpretation. However, several scales are being used, which may lead to different subjective interpretations. Is objective of this study to raise the need of uniformity in adoption of an internationally accepted standard false color scale and for that purpose a scale is proposed.

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“…The colormap chosen is a diverging colormap of which one side is used for the visualization of the scar while the other side is used for the coloring of the voltage measurements. Theoretically, this colormap is better than the rainbow colormap as it has an intuitive ordering [22]. The selected colormap is also suitable for colorblind users, which always provides good distinction between the voltage measurements and the volume rendering of the scar, as well as an observable ordering of the measured voltages and scar intensities.…”

Section: Corresponding Colorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac MRI visualization for ventricular tachycardia ablation

et al. 2012

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Objective The integrated visualization of cardiac MRI during a ventricular tachycardia (VT) mapping and ablation procedure would provide improved catheter guidance and tissue assessment. We developed a system for and explored the added value of simultaneous visualization of intracardiac voltage measurements and MRI-derived myocardial scar information during VT ablation procedures. Method We propose the use of a synchronized 3D and 2D view. In 3D, the catheter will be guided optimally by assessing 3D scar characteristics and its relation to the ventricular anatomy. In 2D, a detailed assessment of the tissue can be made. We developed several 3D visualization techniques, including volume rendering of the scar and myocardial surfaces colored according to the voltage measurements. We also visualized context structures in the heart. For the 2D view, we proposed showing three adjacent slices simultaneously. To link the 3D with the 2D view, we added a linking plane and linking contours; the slice level shown in the 2D view is indicated in the 3D view. Results We evaluated our method via a case study during which we simulated the visual environment of an ablation procedure. The MRI-based volume rendering of scar tissue and the linking between the 3D and 2D views were both positively received. However, the visualization of the voltage measurements was found to be hard to interpret, partly due to the perceptually suitable but non-standard colormap. Conclusions Based on this study, we can conclude that our approach of displaying MRI data and integrating it with voltage measurements has potential to improve VT ablation procedures.

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Rainbow Color Map (Still) Considered Harmful

Cited by 387 publications

References 7 publications

Validation metrics for turbulent plasma transport

Validation metrics for turbulent plasma transport

A proposal of a standard rainbow false color scale for thermal medical images

Cardiac MRI visualization for ventricular tachycardia ablation

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