Rainfall–runoff-soil and nutrient loss relationships for plot size areas of bhetagad watershed in Central Himalaya, India

Kothyari, B. P.; Verma, Praveen Kumar; Joshi, Bhaskar; Kothyari, Umesh C.

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2004.01.011

Cited by 75 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Surface runoff was collected in the first tank, which when full overflowed into a second tank via a nine-slot divisor. When the second tank became full, it overflowed into a third tank via a five-slot divisor (Kothyari et al, 2004). The volume of runoff in each tank was measured every 24 h (at 9:00 AM), and the total daily runoff volume per plot was calculated.…”

Section: Runoff and Soil Loss Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sediment retained after filtration (using paper type Whatman no. 1, pore size of 1Á2 mm) was dried at 105 C for 24 h and then weighed and compared with the weight of a second filter paper of the same size after filtration of an equal volume of pure water, as a control (Kothyari et al, 2004;Adimassu and Haile, 2011). Soil loss (t ha À1 ) was calculated from the volume of runoff and sediment concentration.…”

Section: Runoff and Soil Loss Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Soil Bunds on Runoff, Soil and Nutrient Losses, and Crop Yield in the Central Highlands of Ethiopia

Adimassu

Mekonnen²,

Yirga

et al. 2012

Land Degrad. Develop.

220

159

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The effects of soil bunds on runoff, losses of soil and nutrients, and crop yield are rarely documented in the Central Highlands of Ethiopia. A field experiment was set up consisting of three treatments: (i) barley‐cultivated land protected with graded soil bunds (Sb); (ii) fallow land (F); and (iii) barley‐cultivated land without soil bund (Bc). For 3 years (2007–2009), the effect of soil bunds on runoff, losses of soil and nutrients, and crop productivity was studied. Daily runoff and soil and nutrient losses were measured for each treatment using standard procedures while barley yield was recorded from the cultivated plots. The results showed that Sb brought about significant reduction in runoff and soil losses. Plots with Sb reduced the average annual runoff by 28 per cent and the average annual soil loss by 47 per cent. Consequently, Sb reduced losses of soil nutrients and organic carbon. However, the absolute losses were still high. This implies the need for supplementing Sb with biological and agronomic land management measures to further control soil erosion. Despite these positive impacts on soil quality, Sb do not increase crop yield. Calculated on a per‐hectare basis, Sb even reduce crop yield by about 7 per cent as compared with control plots, which is entirely explained by the reduction of the cultivable area by 8·6 per cent due to the soil bunds. Suitable measures are needed to compensate the yield losses caused by the construction of soil bunds, which would convince farmers to construct these land management measures that have long‐term beneficial effects on erosion control. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Runoff and Soil Loss Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Runoff and Soil Loss Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Soil Bunds on Runoff, Soil and Nutrient Losses, and Crop Yield in the Central Highlands of Ethiopia

Adimassu

Mekonnen²,

Yirga

et al. 2012

Land Degrad. Develop.

220

159

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“…Surface runoff (R) was measured by installing permanent 1 m 2 plots (n = 9 on each forested and grassland hillside; Figure 2), surrounded by barriers built with wood and galvanized steel, following Kothyari et al (2004). Surface drained water in each plot was collected in a graduated container.…”

Section: Water Recharge Variables Considered and Quantifiedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Afforestations and wetlands, are they a good combination? Study of water fluxes in two cases of Patagonian wetlands

et al. 2014

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Wetlands are ecosystems that play a key role in maintaining biodiversity and associated economies (e.g. agriculture and livestock) because they are reservoirs of water and carbon. Globally, these environments have been largely deteriorated, so their sustainable use takes on special importance. This study examined the effect on water recharge of the replacement of natural grassland by pine afforestation on hillsides adjacent to two Patagonian wetlands with contrasting rainfall. Results showed that independently of the rainfall at the site considered, canopies with high coverage values (90%) intercept 40% of the precipitation. This percentage is significantly reduced when canopy coverage is near 70%. Considering forested and grassland hillsides, groundwater drainage showed different patterns, consisting of only a few millimetres in the seasons recorded. Surface runoff was not a significant source of recharge for these systems in spring and summer, showing similar values in forested and grassland hillsides. Differences found in the recharge water variables between afforestation and grassland conditions cannot be directly associated with the vegetation in areas surrounding the wetlands. These systems showed high complexity, requiring site‐specific analysis to determine what the impact of afforestation will be on their hydrology. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…At the end of each runoff-producing rain event, runoff depth was measured using concrete-lined tanks located at the downslope end of each plot (Figure 2). Water and sediment deposited in the tanks were thoroughly mixed and a representative grab sample was collected for sediment analysis in the laboratory following data collection protocols available in the literature (Heron, 1990;Hudson, 1983;Kothyari et al, 2004). Soil and nutrient analyses were conducted by Chitedze Agricultural Research Station using standard soil analyses methods (Anderson and Ingram, 1993).…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of contour ridging on runoff and soil loss

Mohamoud¹

2012

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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Contour ridging is a widely used soil and water conservation practice in Southern Africa. However, in recent years, a number of investigators questioned the effectiveness of contour ridges in controlling surface runoff and soil erosion from smallholder farmers' fields. To be an effective conservation practice, contour ridges must store infiltration excess surface runoff as surface depression storage in furrows between the ridges. In this study, three experimental runoff plots were established in Chilindamaji and six in Kamundi watershed in Malawi. Of the six plots in Kamundi, three had agroforestry contour hedgerows (AF1, AF2, and AF3) and the other three (K1, K2, and K3) had no contour hedgerows. None of the Chilindamaji plots (C1, C2, and C3) had agroforestry contour hedgerows. Hydrologic response analysis of data obtained from the nine runoff plots revealed that plots that retained more water as infiltration and surface depression storage had less runoff and soil erosion. For both sites, the average soil loss rates for the bare, 50% residue cover, and the contour ridge plots were 115, 66, and 5 ton/ha/year. The average soil loss rates for the three agroforestry plots were 4.2 ton/ha/year. Our results show that 50% residue cover reduced soil loss as compared to a bare soil, but are not as effective as the contour ridge and the agroforestry contour hedgerow treatments in reducing surface runoff and soil loss.

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Rainfall–runoff-soil and nutrient loss relationships for plot size areas of bhetagad watershed in Central Himalaya, India

Cited by 75 publications

References 18 publications

Effect of Soil Bunds on Runoff, Soil and Nutrient Losses, and Crop Yield in the Central Highlands of Ethiopia

Effect of Soil Bunds on Runoff, Soil and Nutrient Losses, and Crop Yield in the Central Highlands of Ethiopia

Afforestations and wetlands, are they a good combination? Study of water fluxes in two cases of Patagonian wetlands

Effect of contour ridging on runoff and soil loss

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