“…Over the past few years, photonic crystal waveguides have been widely studied, modeled and fabricated due to their peculiar properties such as endlessly single-moded [2], high-nonlinearity [3,4], overall controllable dispersion properties [5,6], bandwidth improvement [7,8] and enhanced coupling properties [9]. A new fiber called the holey fiber is a category of photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) and has been used in Raman amplifiers as the gain medium [10,11].…”