Raman Lidar Observations: Simultaneous Measurements of Water Vapor, Temperature and Aerosol Vertical Profiles, Part I.

Shibata, Takashi; Saicai, Tetsu; Hayashi, Masahiko; Ono, Tetsu; Kwon, Soung-An; Iwasaka, Yasunobu

doi:10.5636/jgg.48.1127

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Table 1 shows the characteristics of the lidar used in this study. Details of the lidar system are given by Shibata et al [1996a], so only a brief description is given here. Three wavelengths (355, 532 and 1064 nm) of Nd:YAG laser are vertically transmitted into the atmosphere with a repetition rate of 10 Hz and the backscattered light from atmospheric gases and aerosol particles is collected with a Cassegrainian telescope.…”

Section: Raman Lidar Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman lidar and aircraft measurements of tropospheric aerosol particles during the Asian dust event over central Japan: Case study on 23 April 1996

et al. 2003

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[1] The vertical distributions of tropospheric aerosol properties were measured during the Asian dust event over central Japan (35°-36°N, 136°-137°E), using a ground-based Raman lidar and aircraft-based instruments on 23 April 1996. The lidar measured enhancements of aerosol backscattering below an altitude of 4 km and between 5 and 8 km where the total aerosol linear depolarization ratio showed peaks of 12-15% and the relative humidities were $30%. The aircraft measurements showed that the aerosol particles consisted primarily of irregularly shaped mineral dusts and sea salts with a mode radius (r m ) of $1 mm and sulfates with r m $ 0.1 mm over the measured height range of 0.6-5.5 km. Electron microscopic analyses suggest that $77% of the mineral particles were coated with a solution at 1.8 km and that the fraction of coated particles decreased with height. The aerosol backscattering coefficients (b a ), calculated from the airborne optical particle counter (OPC) data, were smaller than the lidar-derived values by $30% above 3.1 km and by $44% below that altitude. The difference was attributable to the horizontal and temporal inhomogeneities of the aerosol properties between the measurement sites and to the uncertainty in b a , particularly for the coarse particles calculated from the OPC data. The aerosol depolarization ratios (d a ) estimated from the OPC data showed the same increase as those obtained with the lidar above 4.1 km. This suggests that the proportion of backscattering by coarse particles to total particles primarily controlled the d a measured with the lidar in that region.

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Section: Raman Lidar Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman lidar and aircraft measurements of tropospheric aerosol particles during the Asian dust event over central Japan: Case study on 23 April 1996

et al. 2003

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“…[For details of the Raman lidar measurement, see Shibata et al (1996), and Sakai et al (1997)]. Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical Fine Structures of Temperature and Water Vapor in the Free Atmosphere

Chuda

Kimura

Niino

2007

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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More than 400 upper-air soundings at different geographical locations over the Japanese Islands for various seasons reveal that vertical fine structures of temperature and water vapor, having a vertical scale of several hundreds of meters, commonly exist in the troposphere between 1 and 8 km MSL. The temperature and specific humidity fluctuations associated with the fine structures range between À0:4 and 0.4 K, and between À0:6 and 0.6 g kg À1 , respectively. The specific humidity fluctuations are negatively correlated with the temperature fluctuations, and the positive (negative) peaks of the former are located right below the local maxima (minima) of buoyancy frequency. The existence of such fine structures of temperature and water vapor was also confirmed by an observation using simultaneously a radiosonde and a Raman lidar, which measures water vapor independently.

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“…Details of the procedure used to analyze data are summarized in Shibata et al (1996aShibata et al ( , 1996b.…”

Section: Raman Lidar Measurement Of Water Vapor and Aerosolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By using this technique, the relationship between the aerosol backscatter and/or extinction and the humidity in the troposphere has been investigated (Ansmann et al, 1992;Ferrare et al, 1997). Shibata et al (1996a) and Reichardt et al (1996) demonstrated the devices applicability for the detection of ice clouds by simultaneously measuring the humidity and the depolarization ratio profiles. Since the depolarization ratio is a measure of the nonsphericity of aerosol particles (e.g., Bohren and Huffman, 1983), it has potential for discriminating the phase of the particles (liquid droplet or solid crystal).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative Humidity, Backscattering Ratio and Depolarization Ratio as Derived from Raman Lidar Observations

Sakai

Shibata

Iwasaka

1997

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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Simultaneous observation of the vertical profiles of tropospheric water vapor and the density and nonsphericity of aerosol particles was made with a Raman lidar at Nagoya (35N, 137E). The data from observations made on April 17, 1994 showed the following features of the water vapor and aerosol particles. Temporal and systematic variations of the parameters were observed at the lower altitude range of 1.0-2.2km, where the mixing ratio of aerosol particles (backscattering ratio) increased and the nonsphericity of the particles (depolarization ratio) decreased with increasing humidity. There was a positive correlation between the vertical profiles of backscattering ratio and the water vapor mixing ratio. The depolarization ratio was positively correlated with the water vapor mixing ratio above 2.2km and negatively correlated below this level. The altitudes where the discontinuities of the water vapor and aerosol parameters were found and that where the correlation between the depolarization ratio and the water vapor mixing ratio changed showed the correspondences with the temperature inversion or wind shears observed at Hamamatsu (35N, 138E).

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Raman Lidar Observations: Simultaneous Measurements of Water Vapor, Temperature and Aerosol Vertical Profiles, Part I.

Cited by 12 publications

References 11 publications

Raman lidar and aircraft measurements of tropospheric aerosol particles during the Asian dust event over central Japan: Case study on 23 April 1996

Raman lidar and aircraft measurements of tropospheric aerosol particles during the Asian dust event over central Japan: Case study on 23 April 1996

Vertical Fine Structures of Temperature and Water Vapor in the Free Atmosphere

Relative Humidity, Backscattering Ratio and Depolarization Ratio as Derived from Raman Lidar Observations

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