Random amplified polymorphic DNA and amplified fragment length polymorphism assessment of genetic variation in Nicaraguan populations of Pinus oocarpa

Abstract

Pinus oocarpa is the most widely distributed pine species of Mexico and Central America. The natural populations of Nicaragua have been affected by extensive human activities. As a consequence, their size has been reduced, and there is a serious threat to the development of mature woodland. Knowledge of population structures and the genetic diversity of the species is required for the design of sustainable use and conservation strategies. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers were used to assess the genetic variation among 10 populations from three geographical regions of Nicaragua. Both markers revealed high levels of diversity in these populations. G(ST) values and analyses of molecular variance (AMOVA) found that most variation was within populations but there is still a significant differentiation between populations indicating that the populations sampled cannot be considered a single panmictic unit. The partitions created by AMOVA also showed that there was little differentiation between populations of different regions, although cluster analyses based on RAPDs and AFLPs indicated a closer relationship among most of the populations from a same geographical region. Management of P. oocarpa in Nicaragua should be aimed to maintain the high degree of genetic variation within individual populations that is still observed even in some of these highly degraded populations.

Characterising the genetic diversity of Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae isolated from rice and wheat in Iran

“…Although there have been many debates on the reproducibility of RAPD markers, many studies have shown that RAPDs are useful molecular markers to detect genetic diversity at the population level in well-controlled experiments (Diaz et al 2001;Reisch et al 2003;Nybom et al 2004), and also the same results as obtained by RAPD analysis were obtained by AFLP, RFLP, SSR (Powell et al 1996) and isozymes (Isabel et al 1995;Nadler 1995). The low reproducibility and dominant nature are two drawbacks of RAPD markers (Williams et al 1990).…”

“…The low reproducibility can now be overcome by optimisation of the RAPD reaction (Rai et al 2009), and the other limitation can be overcome by increasing the number of individuals assayed (by 2 to 10´ compared to isozymes and RFLPs) (Lynch & Milligan 1994) and using appropriate statistical methods e.g. analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) (Excoffier et al 1992), which is not influenced by the dominance problem and has become an important tool for investigating the partitioning of dominant marker variation (Diaz et al 2001).…”

Bioprospección de enzimas de restricción en bacterias de suelos y ambientes volcánicos de Nicaragua

“…Ha sido aplicada para estudiar la variación genética existente en las poblaciones naturales de Pinus oocarpa de Nicaragua, usando dos ER (MseI y PstI) (Díaz et al, 2001).…”

Genetic comparison between natural and planted populations of Pinus brutia and Cupressus sempervirens in Syria

“…In common cypress, planted populations also showed more genetic differentiation among them (Ф st = 0.033 vs. 0). The very low or even absent genetic differentiation among natural populations indicates an efficient gene flow via pollen among populations, resulting in homogenization in the genetic structure of nearby populations (Díaz et al, 2001;Jeandroz et al, 2004).…”