Random Capillary Blood Sugar and Coronary Risk Factors in a South Kerala Population

Abstract

Background High prevalence of type 2 diabetes in one subdivision of a district in south India prompted us to look at the prevalence of other major coronary risk factors, and relate these to random blood sugar values.Design Cross-sectional survey of all adult residents of four wards (clusters of households) of a subdivision. Detailed investigation for diabetes and blood lipids in a selected subsample with random blood sugar (RBS) 4109 mg/dl by glucometer.Methods From the selected wards, we conducted a standard oral glucose tolerance test and serum lipids in all those who had RBS above 109 mg/dl by glucometer. Risk factors such as smoking, obesity (body mass index 4 29.9), high blood pressure (systolic pressure 4 139; diastolic pressure 4 89 mmHg) and sedentary habits were assessed in all irrespective of RBS.Results Prevalence of all risk factors increases with age. Mean RBS ranges from 92.9 7 15.7 to 108.8 7 35.7 mg/dl in males and 88.6 7 16.0 to 117.3 7 61.6 mg/dl in females, between the age groups 20-29 to 4 69. Risk factor prevalence varied with area of residence, with urban population reporting highest prevalence for type 2 diabetes and obesity, and coastal population for hypertension. For increasing levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG o 100, 100-124 and 4 125 mg/dl), serum total cholesterol values were 5.21 7 1.08 mM/l, 5.38 7 0.86 mM/l and 5.63 7 1.37 mM/l for males. For females, corresponding values were 5.23 7 1.11 mM/l, 5.54 7 1.15 mM/l, and 5.49 7 1.10 mM/l respectively.Conclusions Risk factor prevalence varies with area of residence within the study population. Mean plasma lipid levels are high among both sexes, tending to rise with increasing mean fasting plasma glucose levels.

Prevalence and risk correlates of hypertension among adult rural population in Bihar

“…[1] Researchers from south India reported 37% prevalence of hypertension in 30-64 age group. [12] Gupta from Jaipur, through three serial epidemiological studies (Criteria: ≥140/90 mm of Hg) carried out during 1994, 2001, and 2003 demonstrated rising prevalence of hypertension (30%, 36%, and 51%, respectively, among males and 34%, 38%, and 51% among females). [4] In 2002, Hazarika et al reported 61% prevalence (criteria:=JNC VI) of hypertension among aged 30 and above of both sexes in Assam.…”

Obesity indices comparison and its correlation with random blood sugar and blood pressure in adults in rural field practice area of a medical college

“…19 Later studies in Kerala reported 49% prevalence of overweight among 30-64 age group in 1998 and 41% among 40-60 age group during 2000. 20,21 ICMR Task force study (1994) reported a higher prevalence in urban Delhi (31%) and a lower prevalence in rural Haryana(8%) using the criteria (WC >94 cm among men and >88 cm among women). 17 The Sentinel surveillance on CVD in Indian industrial population (2001-03), using modified ATP III criteria for Asian (WC >90 cm among men and >80 cm among women) reported an overall prevalence of abdominal obesity at 32%.…”

Prevalence and Associations of Hypothyroidism in Indian Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

“…India is the diabetes capital of the world with the disease estimated to affect 6.5 to 19.5% of the adult Indians [7]. The situation is worse in the South Indian state of Kerala where the prevalence is the maximum among all Indian states [8]. The relation between diabetes and thyroid dysfunction has been studied by various researchers and the prevalence of hypothyroidism among patients with diabetes is reported from 4.8 to 31.4% [9].…”