Randomized controlled trial of the effect of periodontal treatment on cardiovascular risk biomarkers in patients with stable coronary artery disease: Preliminary findings of 3 months

Abstract

Aim: To assess the effect of periodontal therapy (PT) on cardiovascular blood biomarkers. Materials and Methods: This single-blind, parallel-design, randomized controlled trial included patients with stable coronary artery disease and periodontitis. The test group (TG) received non-surgical PT, whereas the control group (CG) received one session of plaque removal. Plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), glycated haemoglobin, lipids and cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IFNγ and TNFα) were measured at baseline and after 3 months.Results: Eighty-two patients (74.4% women, mean age 59.6 years) were analysed. TG had significantly better periodontal parameters than CG after 3 months, but no significant differences in blood markers were observed between them. In a post hoc subgroup analysis in patients with baseline CRP <3 mg/L, a significant increase in CRP was observed in CG (1.44 ± 0.82 mg/L to 4.35 ± 7.85 mg/L, p = 0.01), whereas CRP remained unchanged in TG (1.40 ± 0.96 mg/L to 1.33 ± 1.26 mg/L, p = 0.85), resulting in a significant difference between groups at 3 months. In patients with CRP ≥3 mg/L, a significant reduction in CRP was observed only in TG (11.3 ± 12.8 mg/L to 5.7 ± 4.1 mg/L, p = 0.04). Levels of IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly lower in TG than CG at 3 months. Conclusions:PT leads to lower levels of CRP, IL-6 and IL-8 in cardiovascular patients with high CRP levels.

Periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases: Consensus report

“…A small RCT on the effects of the treatment of periodontitis on CVD biomarkers in patients with established CVD (Montenegro et al, ) showed no cardiovascular adverse events within 3 months of completion of scaling and root planing (periodontal therapy).…”

Periodontitis and Cardiovascular Diseases. Consensus Report

“…A small RCT on the effects of the treatment of periodontitis on CVD biomarkers in patients with established CVD [80] showed no cardiovascular adverse events within three months of completion of scaling and root planing (periodontal therapy).…”

Relationship of periodontitis and edentulism to angiographically diagnosed coronary artery disease: A cross‐sectional study

“…14,15 As a result of the host-mediated immune response against the microbial challenge, serum concentrations of inflammatory mediators, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), elevate in periodontal disease. 16 These mediators trigger atherosclerosis by recruiting inflammatory cells to blood vessels, proliferating vascular smooth muscle cells, and inducing vascular fat degeneration and intravascular coagulation (indirect mechanism). 17 Loss of tooth is one different substantial condition which has an impact on systemic health.…”