RAPD markers for screening shoot gall maker ( Betousa stylophora Swinhoe) tolerant genotypes of amla ( Phyllanthus emblica L.)

Abstract

Phyllanthus emblica Linn. is the most important medicinally useful tree crop in Asian Subcontinent and is severely infested by Betousa stylophora Swinhoe, known as shoot gall maker (SGM). This pest tunnels the shoots of seedlings and actively growing branches of trees and develops gall, leading to stunted growth, unusual branching and death of actively growing shoots. Our study revealed that trees possessing smooth bark were free from the attack of this pest than those with rough bark surface. Unfortunately, this character is not detectable either at seedling stage or during early growth of trees in the orchard. RAPD genetic fingerprinting of trees possessing smooth and rough bark revealed distinguishable and highly reproducible DNA banding pattern between the two genotypes. Of the 20 RAPD primers tested, five of them produced distinguishable RAPD bands between rough and smooth barked genotypes of P. emblica. Trees with smooth bark produced five unique RAPD bands with molecular weight ranging from 350 bp to 1500 bp and those with rough bark produced six RAPD bands (350 bp–650 bp) to utilize these DNA bands as potential DNA marker for screening tolerant genotypes of this crop against SGM. The utility of this finding in genetic improvement of this tree crop against SGM is discussed.

Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) in Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia

“… Primer code Sequence GC content Ref. RAPD OPA16 AGCCAGGCAA 60 ( Piątczak et al, 2015 ) OPA18 AGGTGACCGT 60 ( Zhang et al, 1997 ) OPA19 CAAACGTCGG 60 ( Ikegami et al, 2009 ) OPA20 GTTGCGATCC 60 ( Ikegami et al, 2009 ) OPC18 TGAGTGGGTG 60 ( Kawai and Mitsuhashi, 1997 ) OPZ10 CCGACAAACC 60 ( Saxena et al, 2014 ) OPO14 AGCATGGCTC 60 ( Thilaga et al, 2017 ) OPD19 CTGGGGACTT 60 ( Sharma et al, 2018 ) OPC20 ACCCGGTCAC 70 ( Sharma et al, 2018 ) ISSR HB8 (GA) 6 GG 57.1 ( Goyal et al, 2014 ) HB9 (GT) 6 GG 57.1 ( Goyal et al, 2014 ) HB10 (GA) 6 CC 57.1 ( Goyal et al, 2014 ) HB11 (GT) 6 CC 57.1 ( Goyal et al, 2014 ) HB13 (GAG) 3 GC 72.7 ( Goyal et al, 2014 ) HB15 …”

Evaluation of RAPD markers for molecular identification of five bamboo genera from Indonesia

“…RAPD amplification results in this research were not only showing polymorphic and monomorphic bands but also unique bands. Unique bands are bands that appear only in one species in a population tested by RAPD molecular marker (Thilaga et al 2017). The example of a unique band produced from the amplification with OPN 3 is shown in Figure 2.…”

Advances in biotechnology of Emblica officinalis Gaertn. syn. Phyllanthus emblica L.: a nutraceuticals-rich fruit tree with multifaceted ethnomedicinal uses

“…Kumar et al ( 2016 ) reported a first time transcript associated with each gene involved in vitamin-C and flavonoid biosynthesis in E. officinalis, and further authors concluded that this important research could be useful for future functional genomics and molecular studies. Thilaga et al ( 2017 ) developed RAPD markers for discrimination of susceptible and tolerant genotypes of E. officinalis against shoot-gall marker ( Betousa stylophora swinhoe). Seven related species of E. officinalis were evaluated for their genetic diversity using microsatellite markers.…”