Rape Myth Acceptance Among Prospective Criminal Justice Professionals

Kim, Bitna; Santiago, Hali

doi:10.1080/08974454.2019.1664969

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Los estudios que emplearon intervenciones destinadas a la prevención de las agresiones sexuales plantean que estos programas deben poseer un enfoque integrador (Kim & Santiago, 2019;Zinzow et al, 2018), que sean capaces de aproximarse al fenómeno desde diversas áreas del conocimiento, permitan complementar los contenidos mínimos necesarios para abordar las agresiones sexuales y ayuden a disminuir las creencias erróneas con respecto a la violación. Dentro de los saberes necesarios para implementar un programa de prevención de las agresiones sexuales para su aplicación en población general, es necesario incluir conocimientos en: (a) victimología y legislación de los delitos sexuales; (b) consecuencias del consumo excesivo de alcohol y otras drogas, conductas de riesgo y salud mental; (c) sexualidad, diversidad sexual y género y (d) conocer los sistemas de creencias de los participantes con respecto a la violación (Baldwin-White et al, 2016;Hill & Marshall, 2018;Malo-Juvera, 2012;Zinzow et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Dentro de los saberes necesarios para implementar un programa de prevención de las agresiones sexuales para su aplicación en población general, es necesario incluir conocimientos en: (a) victimología y legislación de los delitos sexuales; (b) consecuencias del consumo excesivo de alcohol y otras drogas, conductas de riesgo y salud mental; (c) sexualidad, diversidad sexual y género y (d) conocer los sistemas de creencias de los participantes con respecto a la violación (Baldwin-White et al, 2016;Hill & Marshall, 2018;Malo-Juvera, 2012;Zinzow et al, 2018). Aparentemente no es suficiente intervenir en el problema de la violencia sexual solo desde la educación sexual, dado que el sistema que mantiene estos mitos está relacionado con estructuras ideológicas y creencias falsas fuertemente arraigadas, que justifican el actuar del agresor y la culpabilidad de la víctima (Canto et al, 2014;Lutz-Zois et al, 2015;Kim & Santiago, 2019). El desafío para futuras investigaciones debe concentrarse en evaluar la eficacia de programas de prevención de la violencia sexual, que integren dentro de sus dimensiones los cuatro puntos antes descritos.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Además, otros tres estudios evaluaron capacitaciones específicas en ámbitos de prevención y conocimientos acerca de las agresiones sexuales, implementadas por las organizaciones a las que pertenecían los participantes. Una de las capacitaciones se orientó a oficiales de policía, otra a estudiantes secundarios y la última a estudiantes universitarios del ámbito de la justicia (Campbell et al, 2019;Edwards et al, 2019;Kim & Santiago, 2019).…”

Section: Caracterización Descriptiva De Los Estudiosunclassified

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Mitos de violación, creencias que justifican la violencia sexual: una revisión sistemática

Murray¹,

Calderón²

2022

Rev. Crim.

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En investigación social existe una importante línea de estudios que intentan comprender el fenómeno de la violencia sexual. Un constructo que ha centrado el interés de no pocos investigadores corresponde al de “mitos de violación”. Este concepto agrupa creencias erróneas respecto a la atribución de culpabilidad del agresor y la responsabilidad de la víctima en caso de violación sexual. El objetivo del presente artículo fue realizar una revisión sistemática de los estudios empíricos que reportan evidencia acerca de la relación entre la aceptación de mitos de violación y variables psicosociales. Las bases de datos consultadas fueron, ProQuest, Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO, EBSCOhost y JSTOR. Se seleccionaron estudios empíricos en español e inglés publicados entre los años 2009 y 2019. Se encontraron 96 artículos que cumplían con los criterios de selección. Dentro de los resultados el 63,4 % de las investigaciones se desarrollaron en Estados Unidos, 24,7 % en países de Europa y solo 1 % en América Latina. Los hallazgos muestran que los hombres son los que mantienen mayores niveles de aceptación de los mitos de violación en la mayoría de los estudios. Además, se encontraron relaciones con variables como violencia interpersonal y violencia sexual, rasgos de personalidad, variables ideológicas, psicosociales, sexuales y de género. Finalmente se discute sus implicancias y limitaciones.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Section: Caracterización Descriptiva De Los Estudiosunclassified

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Mitos de violación, creencias que justifican la violencia sexual: una revisión sistemática

Murray¹,

Calderón²

2022

Rev. Crim.

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“…While some studies suggest officers' acceptance of rape myths may be declining, these results may not show changing police perspectives but stronger social desirability effects, with officers altering their answers in response to current events and cultural expectations (Page, 2007). Furthermore, undergraduates who intend to become criminal justice professionals show high rates of rape myth acceptance despite exposure to classes on sexual violence (Kim & Santiago, 2019). Even among officers who report rejecting rape myths, many still report not believing rape claims by sex workers or by wives against their husbands (Page, 2007(Page, , 2010), suggesting that while these controlling stereotypes may be less powerful or more inclusive, the ideal rape victim/situation still shapes criminal justice perspectives in problematic ways.…”

Section: Men As Investigatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Men, masculinities, and gender‐based violence: The broadening scope of recent research

Peretz

Vidmar

2021

Sociology Compass

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Men's relationships to gender-based violence (GBV) have long been an area of sociological inquiry, but until recently men have primarily been framed as perpetrators of violence against women. More recently, research on men and GBV has broadened to include studying men as victims/survivors, as investigators and law enforcement officers, as passive or active bystanders, and as allies in working to address this social problem. We review this research in an effort to bridge these divergent bodies of work; we identify methodological trends and gaps in existing research, make recommendations for improved theoretical and methodological robustness, and suggest that research perspectives on men and GBV have shifted over time as wider understandings of gender and masculinities become more hopeful and more inclusive. While we see optimism and promise in new directions of GBV research, we urge ongoing research to retain the wisdoms and critical perspectives that marked the beginnings of GBV inquiry. K E Y W O R D S domestic violence, gender-based violence, men and masculinities, men as allies, men as victims, rape, sexual violence 1 | INTRODUCTION Over the last half-century, research on gender-based violence (GBV) has expanded dramatically as scholars work to better understand the phenomena and thereby contribute to addressing GBV more effectively. In this article, we use GBV to include primarily physical sexual violence (i.e., rape, sexual assault, and so forth), intimate partner violence, and sexual coercion, but also other forms of interpersonal physical and non-physical violence imposed on

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“…This is a critical issue that has been of great concern to researchers and law enforcement, who are working to address it through educational campaigns (Barn & Powers 2021). While there are many factors influencing the public's attitude towards rape victims, such as rape myths, gender roles and stereotypes, social and cultural norms, personal biases and experiences, psychopathic tendencies, and prior exposure to sexual violence (Kim & Santiago 2020;Litchy & Gowen, 2021), it is clear that this problem needs to be addressed. Through an exploration of the literature, it will be established that victim blaming is a key factor in the perpetration of sexual aggression, and that it serves to inhibit the reporting of sexual aggression, as well as impede justice from being served.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Victim blaming, prior history to sexual victimization, support for sexually assaulted friends, and rape myths acceptance as predictors of attitudes towards rape victims in the general population of Pakistan

Kazmi¹,

Tarar

Nasir

et al. 2023

Egypt J Forensic Sci

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Background Individuals who have been sexually assaulted often turn to their friends for comfort and support. Responses to such disclosures vary greatly and may be influenced by prior victimization, the relationship of the disclosure recipient to the accused, and the recipient’s acceptance of rape myths. Moreover, currently there are no studies to date that have validated the Illinois Rape Myths Acceptance Model in Pakistan. Method To gain a better understanding of this phenomenon, the online survey was administered to the general population. Of this sample, 512 (consisting of 312 females and 200 males) reported having received a rape disclosure from a friend. Results The results showed that having lower scores on rape myths acceptance (being less likely to endorse rape myths) was significantly associated with positive attitudes towards rape victims. Similarly, being female, having graduate or above level education, not blaming the victim, having prior history of sexual victimization, offering support for friends experiencing sexual assault, and being liberal were significantly associated with positive attitudes towards rape victims. Additionally, confirmatory factor analysis of the Illinois Rape Myths Acceptance Scale showed acceptable model fit indices and relevance to the Pakistani context. Conclusion In conclusion, it has been assessed through the results that showed that having lower scores on rape myths acceptance (being less likely to endorse rape myths) was significantly associated with positive attitudes towards rape victims. Similarly, being female, having graduate or above level education, not blaming the victim, having prior history of sexual victimization, offering support for friends experiencing sexual assault, and being liberal were significantly associated with positive attitudes towards rape victims. It is further concluded that having experienced sexual victimization leads individuals towards showing empathy to rape victims and thus may influence them to provide support for such victims. The findings further show that Illinois Rape Myths Acceptance is a valid measure for measurement of rape myths in Pakistan as established through the acceptable model fit indices. With the use of validated scales, we could gain a better understanding of rape and the factors related to it, which could be used to inform practices and policy decisions.

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Rape Myth Acceptance Among Prospective Criminal Justice Professionals

Cited by 16 publications

References 45 publications

Mitos de violación, creencias que justifican la violencia sexual: una revisión sistemática

Mitos de violación, creencias que justifican la violencia sexual: una revisión sistemática

Men, masculinities, and gender‐based violence: The broadening scope of recent research

Victim blaming, prior history to sexual victimization, support for sexually assaulted friends, and rape myths acceptance as predictors of attitudes towards rape victims in the general population of Pakistan

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