Rapid Analytical Methods to Identify Antibiotic‐Resistant Bacteria

Sutherland, John B.; Rafii, Fatemeh; Lay, Jackson O.; Williams, A. J.

doi:10.1002/9781119282549.ch21

Cited by 3 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 141 publications

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“…Diagnostic tests assist in screening or monitoring specific infections or conditions to control and prevent CRE spread in the community. However, diagnostic AST protocols usually start with identifying the bacteria species in selective media, followed by growth in the presence of antibiotics (carbapenem) for determining their antibiotic-resistant profile [ 1 , 99 ]. However, each hour of delay in obtaining a correct diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic treatment of infections by CRE increases the mortality rate by approximately 8% [ 100 ].…”

Section: Current and Emerging Detection Techniques Of Crementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The standard culture-based AST methods include broth and agar dilution tests, disk diffusion, and E-tests. These tests, approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), involve the isolation of pure cultures of the potential pathogens, followed by testing these bacteria on media with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) levels [ 99 , 102 , 103 , 104 ]. Specifically, disk diffusion is a gold standard for AST; bacteria are inoculated on agar plates with a single antibiotic disk and then incubated to determine the resistant profile.…”

Section: Current and Emerging Detection Techniques Of Crementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among these methods, the CIM has a higher sensitivity and specificity in identifying and typing carbapenemases. However, they are labor-intensive and require time-consuming steps to isolate pure cultures, taking days to weeks to determine the resistance profile of the suspected bacteria [ 99 , 102 , 103 ].…”

Section: Current and Emerging Detection Techniques Of Crementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Optical techniques have also been developed, which measure the physical and biochemical profile of bacterial cells [ 116 ]. For example, forward laser light scatters (FLLS) and rapid electro-optical technology have been used to measure bacterial numbers by optical density and to estimate cell density and size using light scattering of the cell particles in a liquid [ 99 , 103 , 117 ]. Another optical technique, flow cytometry (FC), is used for cell counting and the detection of a biomarker using changes in morpho-functional and physiological characteristics of cells [ 103 , 118 , 119 ].…”

Section: Current and Emerging Detection Techniques Of Crementioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Carbapenem Resistance in Enterobacterales and Its Detection Techniques

Caliskan-Aydogan

Alocilja

2023

Microorganisms

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Infectious disease outbreaks have caused thousands of deaths and hospitalizations, along with severe negative global economic impacts. Among these, infections caused by antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms are a major growing concern. The misuse and overuse of antimicrobials have resulted in the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) worldwide. Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) are among the bacteria that need urgent attention globally. The emergence and spread of carbapenem-resistant bacteria are mainly due to the rapid dissemination of genes that encode carbapenemases through horizontal gene transfer (HGT). The rapid dissemination enables the development of host colonization and infection cases in humans who do not use the antibiotic (carbapenem) or those who are not hospitalized but interacting with environments and hosts colonized with carbapenemase-producing (CP) bacteria. There are continuing efforts to characterize and differentiate carbapenem-resistant bacteria from susceptible bacteria to allow for the appropriate diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and control of infections. This review presents an overview of the factors that cause the emergence of AMR, particularly CRE, where they have been reported, and then, it outlines carbapenemases and how they are disseminated through humans, the environment, and food systems. Then, current and emerging techniques for the detection and surveillance of AMR, primarily CRE, and gaps in detection technologies are presented. This review can assist in developing prevention and control measures to minimize the spread of carbapenem resistance in the human ecosystem, including hospitals, food supply chains, and water treatment facilities. Furthermore, the development of rapid and affordable detection techniques is helpful in controlling the negative impact of infections caused by AMR/CRE. Since delays in diagnostics and appropriate antibiotic treatment for such infections lead to increased mortality rates and hospital costs, it is, therefore, imperative that rapid tests be a priority.

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Section: Current and Emerging Detection Techniques Of Crementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Current and Emerging Detection Techniques Of Crementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Current and Emerging Detection Techniques Of Crementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Current and Emerging Detection Techniques Of Crementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A Review of Carbapenem Resistance in Enterobacterales and Its Detection Techniques

Caliskan-Aydogan

Alocilja

2023

Microorganisms

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“…In recent times, there has been a surge in global efforts to combat antimicrobial resistance on a global scale (Tejpar et al, 2022). The indiscriminate use of antimicrobials has led to the emergence of pathogenic strains (Sutherland et al, 2019). Researchers studying antimicrobials have identified certain bacterial strains as a major public health concern, including methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycinresistant Enterococcus (VRE), penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Enterobacteriaceae that produce beta-lactamases (Shamsrizi et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tapping into Tapajos: antibacterial potential of fungal strains isolated from decaying wood in the Brazilian Amazon

Canto,

Bentes,

Silva

et al. 2023

Braz. J. Biol.

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The emergence of bacterial resistance to antimicrobials poses a significant health threat. To address this issue, exploring the fungal diversity in freshwater environments in the Amazon Forest has potential in the search for new antimicrobials. This study aimed to investigate the production of antibacterial metabolites by aquatic fungi from Amazon lakes, specifically Lake Juá and Lake Maicá (Brazil-PA). The fungal isolates were obtained from wood fragments submerged in these lakes, and the ethyl acetate extracts were evaluated for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, S. aureus (MRSA), ATCC 43300, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and E. coli (ESBL) NCTC 13353. Additionally, toxicity of the extracts (EtOAc with antimicrobial activity) against human fibroblasts MRC-5 was investigated. The study identified 40 fungal strains with antimicrobial screening, and the ethyl acetate extracts of Fluviatispora C34, Helicascus C18, Monodictys C15, and Fusarium solani LM6281 exhibited antibacterial activity. F. solani LM6281 showed the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 50 µg/mL against S. aureus strains and MIC of 100 µg/mL against E. coli strains including ESBL. The cytotoxicity (IC50) of the extract (EtOAc) of F. solani LM6281 was 34.5 µg/mL. Preliminary studies of the TLC culture and RNM-H from the extract (EtOAc) of F. solani suggested the presence of substances from the class of terpenes, quinones, phenolics, and flavonoids. This study highlights the potential of submerged wood fungi in the Amazon region to produce antibacterial substances, thus identifying them as sources of novel bioactive compounds with potential use in the pharmaceutical industry and regional bioeconomy.

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Rapid Isolation of Low-Level Carbapenem-Resistant E. coli from Water and Foods Using Glycan-Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles

Caliskan-Aydogan,

Sharief,

Alocilja

2023

Biosensors

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Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) are one of the major global issues needing attention. Among them, carbapenemase-producing (CP) E. coli strains are commonly found in clinical and biological samples. Rapid and cost-effective detection of such strains is critical in minimizing their deleterious impact. While promising progress is being made in rapid detection platforms, separation and enrichment of bacteria are required to ensure the detection of low bacterial counts. The current separation methods, such as centrifugation, filtration, electrophoresis, and immunomagnetic separation, are often tedious, expensive, or ineffective for clinical and biological samples. Further, the extraction and concentration of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria (ARB) are not well documented. Thus, this study assessed the applicability of cost-effective glycan-coated magnetic nanoparticles (gMNPs) for simple and rapid extraction of CP E. coli. The study included two resistant (R)strains: Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing E. coli (R: KPC) and New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM)-producing E. coli (R: NDM). A susceptible E. coli (S) strain was used as a control, a reference bacterium. The gMNPs successfully extracted and concentrated E. coli (R) and E. coli (S) at low concentrations from large volumes of buffer solution, water, and food samples. The gMNPs concentrated up to two and five times their initial concentration for E. coli (R) and E. coli (S) in the buffer solution, respectively. In water and food samples, the concentration of E. coli (S) and E. coli (R) were similar and ranged 1–3 times their initial inoculation. A variation in the concentration from different food samples was seen, displaying the impact of food microstructure and natural microflora. The cost-effective and rapid bacterial cell capture by gMNPs was achieved in 15 min, and its successful binding to the bacterial cells in the buffer solution and food matrices was also confirmed using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). These results show promising applications of gMNPs to extract pathogens and ARB from biological samples.

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Rapid Analytical Methods to Identify Antibiotic‐Resistant Bacteria

Cited by 3 publications

References 141 publications

A Review of Carbapenem Resistance in Enterobacterales and Its Detection Techniques

A Review of Carbapenem Resistance in Enterobacterales and Its Detection Techniques

Tapping into Tapajos: antibacterial potential of fungal strains isolated from decaying wood in the Brazilian Amazon

Rapid Isolation of Low-Level Carbapenem-Resistant E. coli from Water and Foods Using Glycan-Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles

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