Rapid and controllable covalent functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes at room temperature

Martinez‐Rubi, Yadienka; Guan, Jingwen; Lin, Shuqiong; Scriver, Christine; Sturgeon, Ralph E.; Simard, Benoît

doi:10.1039/b712299c

Cited by 62 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Absorption spectroscopy was used to determine the carbonaceous purity index of the purified SWCNT material to be 0.110 following the method described by Itkis et al 15 Reduction and Integration of SWCNT into the Epoxy Resin. The procedure to reduce (negatively charge) and disperse SWCNT was similar to the method originally described by Penicaud et al 16 and subsequently by Martinez-Rubi et al 17 All reactions were conducted under nitrogen. In a typical reaction, 100 mg (8.3 mmol) of purified SWCNT (u-SWCNT) was placed in a Schlenk flask and suspended in dry tetrahydrofuran (THF) with the help of an ultrasonic tip for 15 min and then with an ultrasonic bath for 1 h. A sodium naphthalide solution was prepared in a separate Schlenk flask using 100 mg of sodium (4.3 mmol) and 550 mg (4.3 mmol) of naphthalene in 100 mL of THF.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toughening of Epoxy Matrices with Reduced Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Martinez‐Rubi

Ashrafi²,

Guan³

et al. 2011

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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ABSTRACT:Reduced single-walled carbon nanotubes (r-SWCNT) are shown to react readily at room temperature under inert atmosphere conditions with epoxide moieties, such as those in triglycidyl p-amino phenol (TGAP), to produce a soft covalently bonded interface around the SWCNT. The soft interface is compatible with the SWCNT-free cross-linked cured matrix and acts as a toughener for the composite. Incorporation of 0.2 wt % r-SWCNT enhances the ultimate tensile strength, toughness and fracture toughness by 32, 118, and 40%, respectively, without change in modulus. A toughening rate (dK IC /dwt f ) of 200 MPa m 0.5 is obtained. The toughening mechanism is elucidated through dynamic mechanical analyses, Raman spectroscopy and imaging, and stressÀstrain curve analyses. The method is scalable and applicable to epoxy resins and systems used commercially.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toughening of Epoxy Matrices with Reduced Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Martinez‐Rubi

Ashrafi²,

Guan³

et al. 2011

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Raman spectroscopy was first conducted on CNTs in 1993, and since then, it has been used for characterization of nanocomposites [100]. Raman spectroscopy can be used for detection of the type of functionalization [101] and the diameter of the nanotubes [102,103]. Furthermore, the chemical peak shifts in Raman/ FTIR can be used to distinguish the VDW interactions between the nanotubes in the bundle [104,105], the hydrogen Fig.…”

Section: Spectroscopy Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on the role of interface in mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of polymer composites

Kashfipour

Mehra

Zhu

2018

Adv Compos Hybrid Mater

173

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Composite materials and especially polymer composites are widely used in daily life and different industries due to their vastly different properties and design flexibility. It is known that the properties of the composites are strongly related to the properties of its constituents. However, it has been reported in many studies, experimentally and by simulations, that the characteristics of the composites do not follow the rule of mixing. It means that in addition to properties of the constituents, there are other parameters affecting the final physicochemical properties of composites. The interfacial interactions between fillers and host is one of the factors which can strongly affect the properties of the composite. In this review, we summarized the type of interactions between the constituents, their improvement techniques, interaction measurement methods, and the effects of interfacial interactions on thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties of composites.

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“…DMF and SDS were chosen for dispersion of CNTs in this work, since previously work is available. Although dispersing CNTs by using various surfactants and dispersants has been extensively investigated in the literature [56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66], the applications of previous work require extensive care to ensure that sufficient dispersal of CNTs is achieved.…”

Section: Stage Ii: Dispersion Of Cntsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Nanotubes: A New Methodology for Enhanced Squeeze Lifetime CNTs

Ghorbani¹,

Wilson²,

Kapur³

et al. 2014

SPE International Oilfield Scale Conference and Exhibition

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A new potential application of nanotechnology for mineral scale prevention in the oil and gas industry is presented. In current squeeze treatments, in which scale inhibitors are squeezed into wells to adsorb or precipitate onto rock surfaces for later release, a large proportion of the injected inhibitor does not adsorb and is therefore returned very quickly from the reservoir upon well re-start. Here it is demonstrated that nano-particles have the potential to enhance squeeze lifetime by greatly increasing the adsorption of inhibitors within the formation. An extensive literature review is presented, exploring the potential for using nano-scale materials in squeeze treatments. One of the observations from scale inhibitor squeezes into sandstone reservoirs is the apparent lack of suitable surfaces available for adsorption. The main constituent of sandstones, quartz, has a very low ability to adsorb inhibitor (1 mg/I). Given this, research using nanotechnology was targeted towards enhancing the available sites for scale inhibitor adsorption within the near wellbore. Specifically, research was undertaken to examine the potential benefits of using carbon nanotubes in a process called Nanotechnology Assisted Squeeze Treatment (NAST). The process involves carbon nanotubes adsorbing and permanently modifying the near wellbore with scale inhibitors subsequently adsorbing onto the nanotubes. This process was observed to be significantly higher than a non-modified near wellbore surface, with a maximum adsorption of more than 85 and 160mg/g onto the nanotubes in solution of distilled water (DW) and CaC12 in DW; respectively, compared to 1 mg/g directly onto the rock. Coreflood tests comparing the NAST procedure with a simplified standard coreflood show the potential for improvement of the squeeze lifetime. IntroductionInorganic scale precipitation, including formation of CaCO 3 , MgCO 3 , FeCO 3 , BaSO 4 , CaSO 4 , SrSO 4 , etc. occurs when two incompatible brines are mixed or where the conditions (i.e. temperature and pressure) in a system are changed and there is a resulting change in the solubility of certain salts. This can cause blockage of the oil path and damage to the production system. A chemical squeeze treatment is used to pump scale inhibitor (SI) downhole to adsorb or precipitate onto the formation rock. The aim is to establish a downhole reserve of SI from which subsequent desorption or release maintains a concentration of SI within the reservoir sufficient to prevent scale formation. The lifetime of the squeeze treatment is defined as the time when the return Scale Inhibitor (SI) concentration falls below the Minimum Inhibitor Concentration (MIC), which is typically 1-20 ppm depending on the reservoir conditions and SI properties. At this point the well needs to be re-squeezed. Regardless of whether the SI adsorbs or precipitates, the squeeze treatment process is expensive due to the squeeze implementation, chemical inhibitor costs and most importantly because of production losses/deferred during th...

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Rapid and controllable covalent functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes at room temperature

Cited by 62 publications

References 12 publications

Toughening of Epoxy Matrices with Reduced Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Toughening of Epoxy Matrices with Reduced Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

A review on the role of interface in mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of polymer composites

Carbon Nanotubes: A New Methodology for Enhanced Squeeze Lifetime CNTs

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