Rapid and selective removal of Cs+ from water by layered potassium antimony thiostannate

Ultra-fast 137Cs sequestration via a layered inorganic indium thioantimonate

“…[34][35][36] The binding energies of S 3p 1/2 and S 3p 3/2 decrease from 162.4 to 162.3 eV and from 161.2 to 161.1 eV, respectively, manifesting a higher electron density around S in KIAS-Cs. 35,37 The exchange of K with less electronegative Cs leads to a higher electron density around S, probably demonstrating the electron transfer from Cs to S and formation of Cs/S bonding interactions. According to the hard-so acid-base theory, so base S 2À has a higher affinity for relatively "so" Cs + compared to "hard" K + .…”

“…33 Finally, XPS spectra reveal that aer adsorption of Cs + , the lower electron density around Sb may result from the chemisorption of "so" Cs + via the lone pair of electrons of Sb 3+ , [34][35][36] while the higher electron density around S may be due to the exchange of less electronegative Cs with K, resulting in electron transfer from Cs to S and formation of Cs/S bonding interactions. 35,37 Overall, the adsorption mechanism of Cs + on KIAS can be concluded as follows: owing to stronger Cs/S bonding interactions than K/ S, K + located between [In 2 Sb 2 S 7 ] n 2nÀ anionic layers can be exchanged with Cs + .…”

Electrochemically Selective Separation of Cesium Ion Using a Silicomolybdate Doped Polyaniline Composite

“…The different types of anions doped may also affect the selectivity of the material toward different cations. − Silicomolybdic acid is a type of polyoxometalate that contains a large number of oxygen donors and vacancy defects. These vacancies are expected to interact with Cs + , as oxygen or sulfur in materials that have been reported to have good affinity toward Cs + . ,,,,,,− In this case, the silicomolybdate doped polyaniline composite (SiMo 12 –PANI) is expected to selectively separate Cs + from complex aqueous solutions using the electrochemically controlled process.…”

Rapid and Selective Uptake of Radioactive Cesium from Water by a Microporous Zeolitic-like Sulfide

“…In comparison to oxides, metal sulfides possess more flexible skeleton structures and the relatively soft Lewis basic sites S 2– or Se 2– , which give them an innate affinity for soft or relatively soft Lewis acid ions (e.g., Cs + , Sr 2+ , and [UO 2 ] 2+ ) . Particularly, significant progress has been evidenced by some layered compounds, such as Na 2 Sn 3 S 7 , K 2 x Sn 4– x S 8– x ( x = 0.65–1; KTS-3), K 2 x Mn x Sn 3– x S 6 ( x = 0.5–0.95; KMS-1), K 2 x Mg x Sn 3– x S 6 ( x = 0.5–1; KMS-2), K 0.48 Mn 0.76 PS 3 ·H 2 O (K-MPS-1), KInSnS 4 (InSnS-1), KATS-2, [(CH 3 ) 2 NH 2 ] 4/3 [(CH 3 ) 3 NH] 2/3 Sn 3 S 7 ·1.25H 2 O (FJSM-SnS-1), [CH 3 NH 3 ]­[Bmmim]­Sn 3 S 7 ·0.5H 2 O (FJSM-SnS-2), [(CH 3 ) 2 NH 2 ] 2 Ga 2 Sb 2 S 7 ·H 2 O (FJSM-GAS-1), and [CH 3 NH 3 ] 20 Ge 10 Sb 28 S 72 ·7H 2 O (GeSbS-2) . By contrast, three-dimensional (3D) microporous examples, such as cesium scavengers, have rarely been explored, especially those compounds that are used to systematically study cesium ion exchange behaviors.…”