Rapid climate oscillations in the Northeast Pacific during the last deglaciation reflect Northern and Southern Hemisphere sources

Mix, Alan C; Lund, David C; Pisias, Nicklas G; Bodén, Per; Bornmalm, Lennart; Lyle, M.; Pike, Jennifer

doi:10.1029/gm112p0127

Cited by 114 publications

(122 citation statements)

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“…Comparison of 14 C records between cores MD01-2420, ODP 887 (Gulf of Alaska, 3647 m, Galbraith et al, 2007) and W8709A-13PC (eastern North Pacific, 2710 m, Mix et al, 1999;Lund et al, 2011) suggests a reorganization of water-mass structure in the North Pacific during the deglacial period from a stratified glacial mode, with two water masses bounded at 2000 m, to an upwelling interglacial mode to an upwelling interglacial mode during the last deglacial period. The western boundary flow appears to be a principal factor for the east-west gradient of the North Pacific ventilation, yielding horizontal 14 C anomalies during the deglacial reorganization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, 14 C in core W8709A-13PC appears to be lower than that of core ODP 887 during the Bølling-Allerød (∼13.0-14.5 kyr BP). 14 C change in core MD01-2420 (this study), core ODP 887 in the Gulf of Alaska (3647 m, Galbraith et al, 2007) and core W8709A-13PC in the eastern North Pacific (2710 m, Mix et al, 1999;Lund et al, 2011) between 10 and 23 kyr BP along with Intcal09 and Marine09 curves (Reimer et al, 2009). variations suggest a reorganization of water-mass structure in the North Pacific during the deglacial period from a stratified glacial mode to an upwelling interglacial mode. The glacial Pacific Ocean had two water masses: well-ventilated and nutrient-depleted glacial North Pacific Intermediate Water (GNPIW) above ∼2000 m and less-ventilated and nutrientenriched deep water below ∼2000 m (Keigwin, 1998;Matsumoto et al, 2002).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The western North Pacific 14 C records co-varied with atmospheric 14 C changes during the last glacial to deglacial periods, which is in clear contrast with data from the eastern Pacific showing that very old intermediate water masses observed at two sites off Baja California (Marchitto et al, 2007) and near the Galapagos Islands (Stott et al, 2009) during the last deglacial period. 3.3 Ventilation history and water mass structure change in the North Pacific Figure 5 shows a comparison of glacial-deglacial changes in 14 C records at 2101 m at core MD01-2420, at 3647 m water depth in the Gulf of Alaska at ODP Site 887 (Galbraith et al, 2007), and at 2710 m water depth in the eastern North Pacific off the Oregon coast at W8709A-13PC (Mix et al, 1999;Lund et al, 2011). During the last glacial maximum between 18 and 21 kyr BP, the difference in 14 C between MD01-2420 and ODP 887 was 76 ± 34 ‰ (weighed average).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ventilation changes in the western North Pacific since the last glacial period

et al. 2012

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Abstract.We reconstructed the ventilation record of deep water at 2100 m depth in the mid-latitude western North Pacific over the past 25 kyr from radiocarbon measurements of coexisting planktic and benthic foraminiferal shells in sediment with a high sedimentation rate. The 14 C data on fragile and robust planktic foraminiferal shells were concordant with each other, ensuring high quality of the reconstructed ventilation record. The radiocarbon activity changes were consistent with the atmospheric record, suggesting that no massive mixing of old carbon from the abyssal reservoir occurred throughout the glacial to deglacial periods.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ventilation changes in the western North Pacific since the last glacial period

et al. 2012

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“…1). Under the coastal upwelling regime, the record from Ocean Drilling Program ( For cores ODP 1019 and MD02-2499, a radiocarbon-based age model (16,17) is further tuned by correlation of benthic δ 18 O to the radiocarbon-dated W8709-13PC (15,17). The chronology of core W8709-13PC is based on 40 planktonic foraminifera radiocarbon dates including data from ref.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change decouples oceanic primary and export productivity and organic carbon burial

Lopes

Kučera

Mix

2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Understanding responses of oceanic primary productivity, carbon export, and burial to climate change is essential for model-based projection of biological feedbacks in a high-CO2 world. Here we compare estimates of productivity based on the composition of fossil diatom floras with organic carbon burial off Oregon in the Northeast Pacific across a large climatic transition at the last glacial termination. Although estimated primary productivity was highest during the Last Glacial Maximum, carbon burial was lowest, reflecting reduced preservation linked to low sedimentation rates. A diatom size index further points to a glacial decrease (and deglacial increase) in the fraction of fixed carbon that was exported, inferred to reflect expansion, and contraction, of subpolar ecosystems that today favor smaller plankton. Thus, in contrast to models that link remineralization of carbon to temperature, in the Northeast Pacific, we find dominant ecosystem and sea floor control such that intervals of warming climate had more efficient carbon export and higher carbon burial despite falling primary productivity.

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“…Most of the compiled records for the Indian, Pacific and Southern oceans come from sediment cores recovered on continental margins, because a part of the seafloor in the open ocean is deeper than the carbonate compensation depth in these basins (Berger and Winterer, 1974), and the sedimentation rate is particularly low in the large oligotrophic areas of the open ocean. This lack of suitable core sites constitutes a critical limitation for the documentation of the past open-ocean circulation and mechanisms affecting the entire Indian and Pacific basins, such as ENSO, latitudinal migrations of the ITCZ, and fluctuations in the thermohaline circulation, with possible formation of past North Pacific intermediate and deep water (Mix et al, 1999;Ahagon et al, 2003;Max et al, 2014) and storage of carbon in the Southern Ocean (Skinner et al, 2010;Burke and Robinson, 2011). Vast areas remain virtually undocumented in the Indian, Pacific and Southern oceans.…”

Section: Geographical Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water and carbon stable isotope records from natural archives: a new database and interactive online platform for data browsing, visualizing and downloading

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Past climate is an important benchmark to assess the ability of climate models to simulate key processes and feedbacks. Numerous proxy records exist for stable isotopes of water and/or carbon, which are also implemented inside the components of a growing number of Earth system model. Model-data comparisons can help to constrain the uncertainties associated with transfer functions. This motivates the need of producing a comprehensive compilation of different proxy sources. We have put together a global database of proxy records of oxygen (δ 18 O), hydrogen (δD) and carbon (δ 13 C) stable isotopes from different archives: ocean and lake sediments, corals, ice cores, speleothems and tree-ring cellulose. Source records were obtained from the georeferenced open access PANGAEA and NOAA libraries, complemented by additional data obtained from a literature survey. About 3000 source records were screened for chronological information and temporal resolution of proxy records. Altogether, this database consists of hundreds of dated δ 18 O, δ 13 C and δD records in a standardized simple text format, complemented with a metadata Excel catalog. A quality control flag was implemented to describe age markers and inform on chronological uncertainty. This compilation effort highlights the need to homogenize and structure the format of datasets and chronological information as well as enhance the distribution of published datasets that are currently highly fragmented and scattered. We also provide an online portal based on the records included in this database with an intuitive and interactive platform (http://climateproxiesfinder.ipsl.fr/), allowing one to easily select, visualize and download subsets of the homogeneously formatted records that constitute this database, following a choice of search criteria, and to upload new datasets. In the last part, we illustrate the type of application allowed by our database by comparing several key periods highly investigated by the paleoclimate community.

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Rapid climate oscillations in the Northeast Pacific during the last deglaciation reflect Northern and Southern Hemisphere sources

Cited by 114 publications

References 81 publications

Ventilation changes in the western North Pacific since the last glacial period

Ventilation changes in the western North Pacific since the last glacial period

Climate change decouples oceanic primary and export productivity and organic carbon burial

Water and carbon stable isotope records from natural archives: a new database and interactive online platform for data browsing, visualizing and downloading

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