Rapid curing prospects of geopolymer cementitious composite using frontal polymerization of methyl methacrylate monomer

Alam, Shaurav; Manzur, Tanvir; Banjara, Ashlesh; Eklund, Sven E.; Radadia, Adarsh D.; Johnston, William; Hashm, Hawa; Williams, Joseph; Matthews, John C.

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.125198

Cited by 4 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Such composite materials are highly desirable for many applications (see section ). As with cationic epoxy FP (section ), a large number of composite materials derived from radical FP exist (refs , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ). Two studies by Viner and Viner , investigated the effects of fillers for frontal cyanate ester polymerizations.…”

Section: Chemistries Of Existing Frontal Polymerization Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontal Polymerizations: From Chemical Perspectives to Macroscopic Properties and Applications

et al. 2023

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The synthesis and processing of most thermoplastics and thermoset polymeric materials rely on energy-inefficient and environmentally burdensome manufacturing methods. Frontal polymerization is an attractive, scalable alternative due to its exploitation of polymerization heat that is generally wasted and unutilized. The only external energy needed for frontal polymerization is an initial thermal (or photo) stimulus that locally ignites the reaction. The subsequent reaction exothermicity provides local heating; the transport of this thermal energy to neighboring monomers in either a liquid or gel-like state results in a self-perpetuating reaction zone that provides fully cured thermosets and thermoplastics. Propagation of this polymerization front continues through the unreacted monomer media until either all reactants are consumed or sufficient heat loss stalls further reaction. Several different polymerization mechanisms support frontal processes, including free-radical, cat-or anionic, amine-cure epoxides, and ring-opening metathesis polymerization. The choice of monomer, initiator/catalyst, and additives dictates how fast the polymer front traverses the reactant medium, as well as the maximum temperature achievable. Numerous applications of frontally generated materials exist, ranging from porous substrate reinforcement to fabrication of patterned composites. In this review, we examine in detail the physical and chemical phenomena that govern frontal polymerization, as well as outline the existing applications.

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Section: Chemistries Of Existing Frontal Polymerization Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontal Polymerizations: From Chemical Perspectives to Macroscopic Properties and Applications

et al. 2023

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“…As with cationic epoxy FP, a large number of composite materials derived from radical FP exist. 33,50,81,85,125,205,208,230,237,240,241,245,246,265,295 Two studies by Viner and Viner 125,230 investigated the effects of fillers for frontal cyanate ester polymerizations. The base formulation in these studies consisted of TMPTA and Luperox-231 (10.4 phr).…”

Section: Fillers and Additivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One intriguing application of FP is structural rigidification of otherwise porous or weakened materials. 44,48,50,52,181,205,229,233,240,242,[332][333][334] Extensive use of polymers exists towards the consolidation of materials, with uses including adhesives, fillers, and sealants. These examples, however, typically modify the surface material properties by providing a protective coating layer.…”

Section: Substrate Consolidation and Reinforcementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other purposes require that consolidation occurs within the material, particularly in architectural settings. 181,229,240,242,332,335 For instance, structural reinforcement of stones in historical sites must not perturb the surface as to minimize deviations from the original object. 229,335 Additionally, maximum structural effectiveness takes place when bulk the consolidation occurs in the interior of the material (i.e., volume >> surface area); polymer detachment from the object may also result from surface adhesion.…”

Section: Substrate Consolidation and Reinforcementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recently, Alam et al 240 exploited frontal geopolymerization to produce composites of MMA with fly ash and sand. Complete conversion occurred within an hour.…”

Section: Frontal Geopolymerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Frontal Polymerizations: From Chemical Perspectives to Macroscopic Properties and Applications

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Hemmer

Groce

et al. 2022

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The synthesis and processing of thermoplastics and thermoset polymeric materials rely on energy-inefficient and environmentally burdensome manufacturing methods. Frontal polymerization has emerged as an attractive, scalable alternative due to its exploitation of the heat of polymerization, which generally is wasted as unutilized heat-loss. The only external energy needed for frontal polymerization is an initial thermal (or photo) stimulus that locally ignites the reaction. The subsequent reaction exothermicity provides local heating; the transport of this thermal energy to neighboring monomers in either a liquid or gel-like state results in a self-perpetuating reaction zone that provides fully-cured polymeric thermosets and thermoplastics. Propagation of this polymerization front continues through the unreacted monomer media until either all reactants are consumed or sufficient heat-loss stalls further reaction. Several different polymerization mechanisms support frontal processes, including free-radical, cat- or anionic, amine-cure epoxides, and ring-opening metathesis polymerization. The choice of monomer, initiator/catalyst, and additives dictates how fast the polymer front traverses the reactant medium, as well as the maximum temperature achievable. Frontal polymerization enables the preparation of moldable thermoplastics derived from linear polymers. When crosslinking is involved, polymeric networks (e.g., rigid thermosets) are obtainable through a related process best described as a frontal curing reaction. Numerous applications of frontally-generated polymers and thermosets exist, ranging from the reinforcement of porous substrates to the design of patterned composite materials. In this review, we examine in detail the physical and chemical phenomena that govern frontal polymerization, as well as outline the existing applications.

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XRD and TG-DTA Analysis of Fly Ash Based Geopolymer Composite Reinforced with Recycled Glass Fibers

Burduhos-Nergis,

Vizureanu,

Sandu

et al. 2023

Springer Proceedings in Materials

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Rapid curing prospects of geopolymer cementitious composite using frontal polymerization of methyl methacrylate monomer

Cited by 4 publications

References 22 publications

Frontal Polymerizations: From Chemical Perspectives to Macroscopic Properties and Applications

Frontal Polymerizations: From Chemical Perspectives to Macroscopic Properties and Applications

Frontal Polymerizations: From Chemical Perspectives to Macroscopic Properties and Applications

XRD and TG-DTA Analysis of Fly Ash Based Geopolymer Composite Reinforced with Recycled Glass Fibers

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