Rapid loss of genetic variation in an endangered possum

Mitrovski, P.; Hoffmann, Ary A.; Heinze, Dean; Weeks, Andrew R.

doi:10.1098/rsbl.2007.0454

Cited by 30 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This suggests that some geographical areas that are too cold or unsuitable for certain insect species under the current climate scenario may become susceptible to insect pests under future climates. However, a contraction on population of vertebrate pests in the temperate regions (Bellard et al, 2002) can also occur on insect pests that require colder conditions such as the armyworms (Mitrovski et al, 2008;Terblanche et al, 2008). This implies that in the temperate areas, further increases in temperature will result in the shrinking of insect pest population.…”

Section: The Impact Of Elevated Temperature On the Biology Of Insect mentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of Insect Pests and Plant Diseases to Changing and Variable Climate: A Review

Katsaruware-Chapoto¹,

Mafongoya²,

Gubba³

2017

JAS

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Natural and anthropogenic factors have resulted in altered environmental conditions that influence changes in abundance and diversity of insect pests. Global climate change projections focus on crop yields and adaptation strategies to declining yields and ignore the likely impact of a changing climate on insect pests and plant diseases. In this research paper, we review the effects of climate variables namely temperature, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), precipitation and extreme weather events on insect pests and plant diseases incidence. Elevated temperatures, CO 2 and extreme weather events have been shown to alter the distribution, reproductive potential, the incidence and abundance of plant insects and diseases in temperate regions because of the dependence of insects and diseases on environmental conditions. There is limited information on the influence of temperature and carbon dioxide as well as their interaction on the incidence and severity of insect pests, bacterial and viral diseases in the tropical regions. Information on the influence of altered precipitation patterns is also limited but could be of importance in insect distribution studies in a changing climate. Some tropical insects pests are most likely to suffer from extreme heat, resulting in death and hence pest extinction. Future research should focus on the interaction of elevated temperature and CO 2 , determine the influence of supra optimal summer temperatures, temperature variability, precipitation variability and the corresponding viral and bacterial diseases.

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Section: The Impact Of Elevated Temperature On the Biology Of Insect mentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of Insect Pests and Plant Diseases to Changing and Variable Climate: A Review

Katsaruware-Chapoto¹,

Mafongoya²,

Gubba³

2017

JAS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…data). The most marked decline in numbers has been on Mt Buller, from about 300 adults in 1996 to only 40 (30F + 10 M) in 2010, which represents a population decline of 87% (Mitrovski et al 2007b;D. Heinze unpubl.…”

Section: History Of Declinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…data) 1 . Genetic diversity was estimated to be two-thirds lower than in 1996, and by 2007 the population consisted almost entirely of females, with only one or two males present (Mitrovski et al 2007b), and this population was considered to be facing imminent extinction (Mitrovski et al 2007b, Weeks et al 2012. The sex ratio improved in 2010 but inbreeding continued to lower the genetic robustness.…”

Section: History Of Declinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These three groups are effectively isolated from one another by low elevation valleys containing unsuitable habitat for the species. Total population size (including a rough estimate of 330 adults in three new colonies and additional as yet unsurveyed potential sites in the northern region of Kosciuszko National Park) is estimated to be about 2,405 adults (1,805 females and 600 males), with about 685 in the Mt Kosciuszko region, 1,680 in the Mt Bogong to Mt Higginbotham region, and only 40 at Mt Buller (Heinze et al 2004;Broome et al 2013;Mitrovski et al 2007b;L. Broome & D. Heinze unpubl.…”

Section: Distribution and Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From around the late 1990s, declines in the populations at Mt Buller and the Kosciuszko region were observed. In 2010, the total number of adults across the three regions was estimated to be about 2405 adults (1805 females & 600 males), with variations annually Mitrovski et al 2007b;L. Broome & D. Heinze unpubl.…”

Section: History Of Declinementioning

confidence: 99%

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An evaluation of small-mammal use of constructed wildlife crossings in ski resorts

Schroder

Sato

2017

Wildl. Res.

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Context Infrastructure development in ski-resort areas has led to the modification of slopes and, often, the replacement of native plant species with exotic grasses. Modified ski slopes are effectively linear areas of disturbance that separate natural habitat and provide barriers to the movement of native animal species. To overcome these barriers, boulder-filled and culvert-style wildlife crossings have been constructed across disturbed ski slopes and under roadways to facilitate the movement of small native mammal species among areas of remnant habitat, but generally they differ in size and locality. The use of boulder-filled and under-road culvert crossings of different length has not been evaluated. Aims We determine whether fauna utilise wildlife crossings in ski resorts and whether variations in crossing length influence the species using the crossings. Methods We monitored boulder-filled crossings of two size classes (long or short) biannually from March 2009 to April 2013, using hair tubes. We monitored an additional two under-road culvert crossings with remote infrared cameras. Key results The results indicated that all crossings, regardless of size, are utilised by small mammals. However, we detected threatened species, such as Mastacomys fuscus (broad-toothed rat), more frequently in crossings of greater length. Conclusions To maintain linkages for small-mammal populations within ski resorts, we recommend the continued use of boulder-filled crossings on ski slopes. These crossings may be particularly important in facilitating the movement of small mammals across wide areas of ski-slope disturbance. Implications The context and maintenance of crossings is likely to be important for their long-term use by small mammals, as are complementary strategies to restore structural habitat connectivity on ski slopes, such as strategically implemented native vegetation plantings.

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Exploring genomic variation associated with drought stress in Picea mariana populations

Napier

Lafontaine

2020

Ecology and Evolution

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Predicted increases in drought and heat stress will likely induce shifts in species bioclimatic envelopes. Genetic variants adapted to water limitation may prove pivotal for species response under scenarios of increasing drought. In this study, we aimed to explore this hypothesis by investigating genetic variation in 16 populations of black spruce (Picea mariana) in relation to climate variables in Alaska. A total of 520 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped for 158 trees sampled from areas of contrasting climate regimes. We used multivariate and univariate genotype‐by‐environment approaches along with available gene annotations to investigate the relationship between climate and genetic variation among sampled populations. Nine SNPs were identified as having a significant association with climate, of which five were related to drought stress response. Outlier SNPs with respect to the overall environment were significantly overrepresented for several biological functions relevant for coping with variable hydric regimes, including osmotic stress response. This genomic imprint is consistent with local adaptation of black spruce to drought stress. These results suggest that natural selection acting on standing variation prompts local adaptation in forest stands facing water limitation. Improved understanding of possible adaptive responses could inform our projections about future forest dynamics and help prioritize populations that harbor valuable genetic diversity for conservation.

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Rapid loss of genetic variation in an endangered possum

Cited by 30 publications

References 16 publications

Responses of Insect Pests and Plant Diseases to Changing and Variable Climate: A Review

Responses of Insect Pests and Plant Diseases to Changing and Variable Climate: A Review

An evaluation of small-mammal use of constructed wildlife crossings in ski resorts

Exploring genomic variation associated with drought stress in Picea mariana populations

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