Rare earth element and stable isotope (O, S) geochemistry of barite from the Bijgan deposit, Markazi Province, Iran

Ehya, Farhad

doi:10.1007/s00710-011-0172-8

Cited by 29 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…La and Gd anomalies were calculated as (La/ La*) CN =La CN /(3Pr CN -2Nd CN ) and (Gd/Gd*) CN =Gd CN / (0.33Sm CN +0.67Tb CN ), respectively. On the other hand, to discriminate between real and apparent Ce anomalies (Bau et al 1996;Shields et al 2004;Ehya 2012), (Ce/Ce*) SN and (Pr/Pr*) SN ratios were calculated as Ce SN /(0.5La SN +0.5Pr SN ) and Pr SN /(0.5Ce SN +0.5Nd SN ), respectively. The suffix "SN" refers to the normalization of concentrations against the standard Post-Archean Australian Shale (PAAS; McLennan 1989).…”

Section: Microthermometric Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although Ba and Sr are relatively abundant and widely distributed elements in Earth crustal rocks (Faure 1998), most naturally occurring fluids are undersaturated with respect to barite (Chow and Goldberg 1960;Church and Wolgemuth 1972;Monnin et al 1999;Rushdi et al 2000;Ehya 2012;Zhang et al 2013). Thus, for barite to precipitate, interaction between distinct sources of Ba and SO 4 is necessary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The largest barite deposits are found in the central Alborz and central Iran zones, hosted by dolomitic and volcano sedimentary rocks. Barite mineralization has already been studied in several works (Martin et al 1995;Torres et al 2003;Wagner et al 2005;Taghipour et al 2010;Feng and Roberts 2011;Ehya 2012;Zhang et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Geology, geochemistry, sulfur isotope composition, and fluid inclusion data of Farsesh barite deposit, Lorestan Province, Iran

et al. 2014

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Farsesh barite in the central part of Iranian SanandajSirjan zone is a sample of epigenetic hydrothermal mineralization in dolomitized limestone, which provides appropriate chemicophysical conditions making the passage of mineralbearing fluids possible. Barite veins may range from a few centimeters to 2 m in thickness that increases downward. The microthermometry measurements obtained from more than 30 fluid inclusions show relative homogenization temperatures ranging from 125 to 200°C with an average of 110°C for Farsesh barite deposits. The mean salinity measured proves 16 times as much as weight percentage of NaCl for barite. Coexistence of liquid-and vapor-rich fluid inclusions in barite minerals may provide an evidence of boiling in ore veins. Moreover, occurrence of bladed calcite, high-grade ore zones, and presence of hydrothermal breccia are all consistent with boiling. Thermometric studies indicate that homogenization temperatures (Th) for primary and pseudosecondary fluid inclusions in barite range from 125 to 200°C with an average of 1,100°C. The δ 34 S values of barite also lie between 8.88 and 16.6 %. The relatively narrow spread in δ 34 S values may suggest uniform environmental conditions throughout the mineralization field. Thus, δ 34 S values are lower than those of contemporaneous seawater, which indicates a contribution of magmatic sulfur to the ore-forming solution. Barite is marked by total amounts of rare Earth elements (REEs) (6.25-17.39 ppm). Moreover, chondrite-normalized REE patterns of barite indicate a fractionation of light REEs (i.e., LREEs) from La to Sm, similar to those for barite from different origins. The La CN /Lu CN ratios and chondrite-normalized REE patterns reveal that barite in Farsesh deposit is enriched in LREEs compared with heavy rare Earth elements (HREEs). Similarity between Ce/La ratios in barite samples and those found in deep-sea barite supports its marine origin. Lanthanum and Gd exhibit positive anomalies, which are common features of chemical marine sediments. Cerium shows a negative anomaly in most samples inherited from the negative Ce anomaly of hydrothermal fluid that is mixed with seawater at barite precipitation. The available data including tectonic setting, host rock characteristics, REE geochemistry, and sulfur isotopic compositions may support a hydrothermal submarine origin for Farsesh barite deposit.

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Section: Microthermometric Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Geology, geochemistry, sulfur isotope composition, and fluid inclusion data of Farsesh barite deposit, Lorestan Province, Iran

et al. 2014

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“…9A), namely (a) Bijgan in Iran (Ehya, 2012), (b) Karalar in Turkey (Bozkaya & Gökce, 2004;Gökce & Bozkaya, 2008), (c) Mt.Mulga in Australia (Griessmann et al, 2010), (e) Bouznika in Morocco (Jébrak et al, 2011), (f) Duboki Vagan in Bosnia (Jurković et al, 2011), and in the southern California continental borderland (SCCB) (Hein et al, 2007). The geology, environment, tectonic setting and genesis of these deposits are summarised in Table 3.…”

Section: Comparison Of the Farsesh Barite Deposit With Other Barite Omentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The positive Eu anomalies and REE patterns of these barite deposits point at an exhalative hydrothermal origin (Barret et al, 1990). The low Ce/La ratios of the barites from the Bijgan (Ehya, 2012), Bouznika (Jébrak et al, 2011) and Duboki Vagan (Jurković et al, 2011) deposits show that these deposits are marine (Ce/La<1), similar to the Farsesh deposit, whereas the high Ce/La ratios of barite from the Mt.Mulga (Griessmann et al, 2010), SCCB (Hein et al, 2007) and Karalar (Bozkaya & Gökce, 2004;Gökce & Bozkaya, 2008) deposits indicate that these barite deposits are terrestrial (Ce/La>1) (Guichard et al, 1979). Comparizon of the REE patterns of the Frasesh barite samples with the SCCB barite deposit (Hein (Guichard et al, 1979) (Fig.…”

Section: Comparison Of the Farsesh Barite Deposit With Other Barite Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemistry and Fuid-Inclusion Microthermometry of the Farsesh Barite Deposit, Iran

et al. 2014

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The Permian carbonate-hosted Farsesh barite deposit is located southeast of the City of Aligudarz in the province of Lorestan, Iran. Structurally, this deposit lies in the Zagros metallogenic belt and the Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone. Barite mineralisations occur as open-space flling veins, and as massive and replacement ores along fractures, faults and shear zones of the Permian carbonate host rocks. In order to determine the structure, in addition to pe-trographic and fuid-inclusions studies, an ICP-MS analysis was carried out in order to measure the major as well as the trace and rare earth elements. The Farsesh barite deposit has a simple mineralogy, of which barite is the main mineral, followed by calcite, dolomite, quartz, and opaque minerals such as Fe-oxides. Replacement of bar-ite by calcite is common and is more frequent than space-flling mineralisation. Sulphide minerals are minor and mainly consist of chalcopyrite and pyrite, which are altered by weathering to covellite, malachite and azurite. Petrographic analysis and micro-thermometry were carried out on the two-phase liquid/vapour inclusions in ellipsoidal or irregularly shaped minerals ranging in size from 5–10 µm. The measurements were conducted on fuid inclusions during the heating and subsequent homogenisation in the liquid phase. The low homogenisation temperatures (200–125°C) and low to moderate salinity (4.2–20 eq wt% NaCl) indicate that the barite had precipitated from hydrothermal basinal water with low to moderate salinity. It appears from the major and trace elements that geochemical features such as Ba and Sr enrichment in the barite samples was accompanied by depletion of Pb, Zn, Hg, Cu and Sb. The geochemistry of the rare earth elements, such as low σREE concentrations, LREE-enrichment chondrite-normalised REE patterns, the negative Ce and positive Eu anomalies, the low Ce/La ratio and the positive La and Gd anomalies, suggest that the Farsesh barite was deposited from hydrothermally infuenced sea water. The Farsesh deposit contains low-temperature hydrothermal barite. The scatter plots of the barite (close to sea water) in different areas on the CeN/SmN versus CeN/YbN diagram support the possibility that the barite was formed from seawater-bearing hydrothermal fuids.

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Origin of the Mesoproterozoic Jingtieshan bedded barite deposit, North Qilian Mountains, NW China: Geochemical and isotope (O, S, Sr) evidence

2017

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The bedded Jingtieshan barite deposit, which occurs in the western part of North Qilian, NW China, is intimately associated with banded iron formation (BIF) and is hosted in weakly metamorphosed Mesoproterozoic clastic–carbonate rocks. Although numerous studies have focused on the BIF, the origin of the barite mineralization is poorly understood. The barite orebody occurs as a lenticular/stratiform unit overlying and locally interlayered with the BIF. In this contribution, we present a comprehensive and integrated study of the geochemistry and S–O–Sr‐isotope characteristics of the Jingtieshan barite deposit, thereby constraining its origin and the depositional conditions in the Mesoproterozoic ocean. The ore is composed of barite, minor carbonate minerals, specularite, and other minerals and is characterized by low Sr concentrations (711–1469 ppm), total rare earth element concentrations (7–28 ppm), and La/Ce values, relative enrichment in light rare earth element, positive Gd anomalies, and elevated Lan/Cen, which indicate that mineralizing fluids were derived from seawater and submarine hydrothermal solutions. Barite separates yield δ34S = 19.5–29.1‰ and δ18O = 12.7–23.6‰, which are consistent with a coeval seawater origin for SO42− modified bacterial sulfate reduction. Moreover, the 87Sr/86Sr values suggest that Sr, as well as Ba, was derived from contemporaneous seawater and hydrothermal solutions, with additional radiogenic Sr derived from late‐stage hydrothermal alteration. The redox‐sensitive trace element ratios of V/(V + Ni), V/(V + Cr), and V/Cr, combined with negative Ce anomalies (0.11–0.82), indicate that the barite formed under oxic marine conditions in a redox stratified ocean. Geological, geochemical, and isotope data support a sedimentary–exhalative origin for the Jingtieshan barite deposit, where barite was deposited under oxic conditions in a shallow marine environment when ascending Ba‐bearing submarine hydrothermal solutions encountered sulfate‐rich seawater.

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Rare earth element and stable isotope (O, S) geochemistry of barite from the Bijgan deposit, Markazi Province, Iran

Cited by 29 publications

References 43 publications

Geology, geochemistry, sulfur isotope composition, and fluid inclusion data of Farsesh barite deposit, Lorestan Province, Iran

Geology, geochemistry, sulfur isotope composition, and fluid inclusion data of Farsesh barite deposit, Lorestan Province, Iran

Geochemistry and Fuid-Inclusion Microthermometry of the Farsesh Barite Deposit, Iran

Origin of the Mesoproterozoic Jingtieshan bedded barite deposit, North Qilian Mountains, NW China: Geochemical and isotope (O, S, Sr) evidence

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