“…To further improve the overall desalination performance of the ECDI cells consisting of VO x -C-NPCs as the positive electrode material, the combination of Ag-C-NPC as the negative electrode material was investigated here, which has been reported to show superior desalination performance in a previous study. 11 On the basis of the charge balance work obtained in the 8 mM LiCl solution, an ECDI configuration consisting of the positive electrodes of 5VO x -0C, 5VO x -0.3C, and 0.5VO x -1C and a negative electrode of Ag-C-NPC with the Ω pn values of 2.54, 3.54, and 2.57 were constructed, respectively. 54 For 5VO x -0C//Ag-C (Figure 5a), 5VO x -0.3C//Ag-C (Figure 5b), and 0.5VO x -1C//Ag-C (Figure 5c) cells, a reversible ion adsorption/release behavior was observed operated at relatively low charge/discharge voltages, 0.8 V/−0.2 V. From Figure 5d, the SAC values of the first cycle were 17.2 ± 1.5, 18.6 ± 0.5, and 27.5 ± 1.4 mg/g for 5VO x -0C//Ag-C, 5VO x -0.3C//Ag-C, and 0.5VO x -1C//Ag-C cells, respectively.…”