Rate-limiting steps in the cytidine pathway for the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine

Infante, Juan P.

doi:10.1042/bj1670847

Cited by 91 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The exact biochemical mechanism explaining the changes in concentration of PEt is not well described in the literature. Experimental data suggest that the cytidyltransferase reaction is the rate limiting step [21] in the enzymatic reactions involved in the de novo synthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine, although the ethanolamine-kinase is also in disequilibrium [22]. Consequently, an increase in the rate of the cytidyltransferase reaction should lead to a decrease of PEt and an increase in phosphatidylethanolamine.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorylethanolamine ‐ the major constituent of the phosphomonoester peak observed by ³¹P‐NMR on developing dog brain

et al. 1984

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31P-NMR spectra of newborn dog brains exhibit a prominent phosphomonoester (PME) peak (6.78 2 SD. 0.05 ppm from phosphocreatine peak), similar to those of human neonates. Studies were undertaken to identify the chemical constituents of this peak. Brains of puppies were funnel frozen for methanol-HClperchloric acid extraction after in vivo 3*P-NMR spectra were taken. The ply of the major component of the PME region in the NMR spectrum of extract was 5.4, corresponding to that of phosphorylethanolamine (PEt). Addition of PEt increased the major peak on the PME region over a wide range of pH, while addition of phosphorylcholine or ribose 5-phosphate yielded distinct peaks. We suggest that the major constituent of phosphomonoester peak of 31P-NMR spectra of newborn dog brain is phosphorylethanolamine. Biochemical mechanisms relevant to changes of phosphorylethanolamine during brain deveiopment are discussed. P-NMR spectroscopy in vivo PhosphorylethanolamineBrain development Phosphomonoester Sugar phosphate

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorylethanolamine ‐ the major constituent of the phosphomonoester peak observed by ³¹P‐NMR on developing dog brain

et al. 1984

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“…On the basis of theoretical principles of metabolic regulation, Infante recently concluded that cholineand ethanolaminephosphotransferase are not rate-limiting enzymes in the synthesis of PC and PE (46). From the data presented in Table III a role of these enzymes in the regulation of PC and PE synthesis can, nevertheless, not be excluded.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of fasting and refeeding on the composition and synthesis of triacylglycerols, phosphatidylcholines, and phosphatidylethanolamines in rat liver

Groener

Klein

Golde

1979

Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics

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Refeeding a high-sucrose, fat-free diet to fasted rats caused drastic alterations in the fatty acid composition of hepatic diacylglycerols, triacylglycerols, and phosphatidylcholines. However, the fatty acid profile of phosphatidylethanolamines did not change significantly. These results suggest that the fatty acid composition of diacylglycerols may influence the distribution of diacylglycerols among triacy@ycerols, phosphatidylcholines, and phosphatidylethanolamines. Fasting and refeeding also affected the activities in vitro of a number of enzymes responsible for the formation of triacylglycerols, phosphatidylcholines, and phosphatidylethanolamines.The activity of hepatic phosphatidate phosphatase increased fourfold upon refeeding. However, fasting the rats did not affect the activity of this enzyme despite the reduced triacylglycerol synthesis in the fasted liver in wivo. Fasting and refeeding induced alterations in the activities of diacylglycerol acyltransferase, cholinephosphotransferase, and ethanolaminephosphotransferase which correlated reasonably well with the changes observed in the synthesis of triacylglycerols, phosphatidylcholines, and phosphatidylethanolamines in vivo, although the changes in diacylglycerol acyltransferase were too moderate. The changes in the activity of cholinephosphate cytidylyltransferase, which is suggested to catalyze the rate-limiting step in the formation of CDP-choline, ran parallel with the alterations in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholines in vivo. No such correlation was found between the activity of ethanolaminephosphate cytidylyltransferase and the rate of phosphatidylethanolamine synthesis. The present results indicate that the synthesis of triacylglycerols, phosphatidylcholines, and phosphatidylethanolamines is controlled by the availability of the various substrates as well as by the activities of several enzymes involved in these processes.

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“…Activities of the phosphoryltransferases and cytidylyltransferases, which are the only ratelimitmg steps of the cytidine pathway for PC and PE synthesis [ 15,16,24,25], showed neghgrble activities in the gastrocnemius of C57BL/6J mice. Activities of choline kinase, P-cholme cytidylyltransferase and that of the ethanolamine analogs showed rates of less than 0.004 nmol/mg protein per min (not shown).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defective synthesis of glycerophosphorylcholine in murine muscular dystrophy; the primary molecular lesion?

Infante

1985

FEBS Letters

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Activities of the rate‐limiting enzymes of the cytidine pathway for the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine are negligible in differentiated mouse gastrocnemius, whereas that of the respective proposed de novo glycerophosphodiester pathways is high in this muscle. Rates of de novo glycerophosphorylcholine synthesis in dystrophic mouse gastrocnemius are about half that of the wild‐type homozygotes, whereas that of the heterozygotes is near the mean of the two homozygous groups. These results suggest that defective de novo synthesis of glycerophosphorylcholine is the primary lesion in murine dy muscular dystrophy.

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Rate-limiting steps in the cytidine pathway for the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine

Cited by 91 publications

References 26 publications

Phosphorylethanolamine ‐ the major constituent of the phosphomonoester peak observed by ³¹P‐NMR on developing dog brain

Phosphorylethanolamine ‐ the major constituent of the phosphomonoester peak observed by ³¹P‐NMR on developing dog brain

The effect of fasting and refeeding on the composition and synthesis of triacylglycerols, phosphatidylcholines, and phosphatidylethanolamines in rat liver

Defective synthesis of glycerophosphorylcholine in murine muscular dystrophy; the primary molecular lesion?

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Rate-limiting steps in the cytidine pathway for the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine

Cited by 91 publications

References 26 publications

Phosphorylethanolamine ‐ the major constituent of the phosphomonoester peak observed by 31P‐NMR on developing dog brain

Phosphorylethanolamine ‐ the major constituent of the phosphomonoester peak observed by 31P‐NMR on developing dog brain

The effect of fasting and refeeding on the composition and synthesis of triacylglycerols, phosphatidylcholines, and phosphatidylethanolamines in rat liver

Defective synthesis of glycerophosphorylcholine in murine muscular dystrophy; the primary molecular lesion?

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Phosphorylethanolamine ‐ the major constituent of the phosphomonoester peak observed by ³¹P‐NMR on developing dog brain

Phosphorylethanolamine ‐ the major constituent of the phosphomonoester peak observed by ³¹P‐NMR on developing dog brain