Ratiometric fluorescent immunochromatography for simultaneously detection of two nitrofuran metabolites in seafoods

A portable smartphone platform utilizing dual-sensing signals for visual determination of semicarbazide in food samples

“…Therefore, it is essential to detect the presence of SEM in food samples to assess intake risks and to monitor the abuse of illegal NFZ. 13 Until now, various approaches such as high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS), 14,15 enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA), 16 immunochromatography assay (ICA), 17,18 surface-enhanced Raman scanning (SERS) immunoassay, 19 electrochemical sensing, [20][21][22] and nitrogen stable isotope ratio analysis (NSIRA) 23 have been developed. Although these instrument-based analytic methods exhibit high sensitivity and accuracy, they often involve limitations such as tedious sample pre-treatment processes, professional technical personnel, expensive equipment, complicated operations, long detection times, and time-consuming derivatization steps (Scheme 1B).…”