Raw Materials Synthesis from Heavy Metal Industry Effluents with Bioremediation and Phytomining: A Biomimetic Resource Management Approach

Abstract

Heavy metal wastewater poses a threat to human life and causes significant environmental problems. Bioremediation provides a sustainable waste management technique that uses organisms to remove heavy metals from contaminated water through a variety of different processes. Biosorption involves the use of biomass, such as plant extracts and microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, algae, yeast), and represents a low-cost and environmentally friendly method of bioremediation and resource management. Biosorption-based biosynthesis is proposed as a means of removing heavy metals from wastewaters and soils as it aids the development of heavy metal nanoparticles that may have an application within the technology industry. Phytomining provides a further green method of managing the metal content of wastewater. These approaches represent a viable means of removing toxic chemicals from the effluent produced during the process of manufacturing, and the bioremediation process, furthermore, has the potential to save metal resources from depletion. Biomimetic resource management comprises bioremediation, biosorption, biosynthesis, phytomining, and further methods that provide innovative ways of interpreting waste and pollutants as raw materials for research and industry, inspired by materials, structures, and processes in living nature.

A Comprehensive Review on Optical Properties of Polymer Electrolytes and Composites

“…It is apparent that a great risk is posed by heavy metals, particularly when released into the environment as pollutants worldwide [ 107 ]. It is well-known that the atomic mass of heavy metals are in the range of 63.5 to 200.6 u with a specific gravity of more than 5.0 [ 108 ].…”

From Green Remediation to Polymer Hybrid Fabrication with Improved Optical Band Gaps

“…Heavy metals entering the environment through pollution are particularly hazardous and dangerous [1]. Chemical precipitation, chemical coagulation, electrochemical technologies, ion exchange, and membrane technologies are among the various traditional methods for extraction and capturing of heavy metal elements.…”

“…Nevertheless, heavy metals do have benefits as well, with a range of nano-science and nanotechnology applications relying on heavy metal nano-particles [1]. Metal elements play a key role in chemistry as well, not only in the creation of novel advanced materials but also catalysts and reagents in chemical and related industries.…”

“…According to recent research, biosorption has been considered only as an environmental remediation technique for capturing toxic and hazardous substances [2]. The cost-effectiveness and sustainability of biosorption as a strategy of bioremediation and resource management stem from the fact that it employs biomass like plant extracts and microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungi, algae and yeast [1]. Chemical precipitation has been the conventional treatment approach for the removal of heavy or trace metals, but new methods, including biosorption, neutralization, precipitation, ion exchange, and adsorption, have been recently proposed and employed on a wide basis to eliminate heavy metals from wastewater [9].…”

Trends in Heavy Metals Tolerance and Uptake byPseudomonas aeruginosa

“…In addition, biosorption defined as the use of biomass to remove heavy metals from environment by using microorganisms as (bacterial strains, fungal strains and algae) or plant extracts. It represents as a low-cost method and environmentally friendly for bioremediation of heavy metals and management of resource [32]. The need for an efficient and inexpensive method has interested in case of bio-sorption and bio-accumulation processes using microorganisms as profit systems for removing of heavy metal [14].…”