Raw pH fall-out as a sign of a mycorrhizal modifier of Sorghum sudanensis

Masoero, G.; Peiretti, Pier Giorgio; Cugnetto, Alberto; Giovannetti, Giusto

doi:10.14302/issn.2639-3166.jar-18-2264

Cited by 12 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…The foliar pH measurements, which on average were 5.23 in 2018 and 5.20 in 2019, confirmed the previously obtained acidic value of 4.84 in the stems 19,21 and the 5.14 value obtained in Sorghum sudanensis 20 . The lack of response in the 2019-2 validation experiment has clearly been anticipated, as can be seen from the contrasting trend of the foliar pH, which was increased over the scatter-plots (Figure 3).…”

Section: Yield Response and Phsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Three recently published rapid methods, namely the NIRS-litter-bag technique 18 , raw foliar pH 19,20,21 and foliar NIR-SCiO Tomoscopy 20 , have been used together for the first time for modeling purposes, thanks to the availability of a new smart-NIR device, which has been utilized for the leaves of Sorghum sudanensis but also for live rabbits 22 . The results from three calibration experiments conducted in 2018 were elaborated to formulate a model for a symbiotic corn yield.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The raw foliar pH measurements were carried out, according to the acquisitions of previous works 19,20,21 , on cut leaves, using a BORMAC "XS pH 70" pH meter (www.giorgiobormac.com), with a pH range of 0 ÷ 14, two decimals, and supplied with a Hamilton Peek Double-PoreF, / Knick combined 35 x 6 (LxØ) glass-plastic electrode.…”

Section: Measuring the Foliar Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spectroscopic and Foliar pH Model for Yield Prediction in a Symbiotic Corn Production

Volpato¹,

Masoero²,

Mazzinelli³

et al. 2019

JAR

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The agronomic management of symbiotic (S) inoculations, by means of bio-fertilizers (BF), is aimed at inducing modifications of the plant rhizosphere and thereafter of the phenotype and yield of the crop. It is here shown that the yield response of maize to a symbiotic treatment may be correlated to six easy-to-calculate indicator variables on the basis of the raw foliar pH, NIR-Spectroscopy of leaves, and the NIRS of hay litter-bags from soils. It has been confirmed, in a set of thirteen pairwise comparisons of Symbiotic (S) soil inoculated by BF vs. Control (non-inoculated soil; C), that the inoculation on average acidified the leaves by-3.7% pH units (P<0.0001). The responses in yield ranged from +25.2% to-9.2% (av.ge +3.5%; P = 0.03), but with average null responses in two centers and a significant response (+11%) in a third center. NIR-Tomoscopy scans (No. 574) were also performed on the leaves, and in addition, hay-litter-bags that had previously been buried in fields were dug up after two months, and 431 NIR-scans were acquired. The effect-size on the yield was expressed as the logarithm of the response ratio, i.e. the mean of the inoculated Symbiotic treatment divided by the mean of the non-inoculated Control for each pairwise comparison. A multiple regression model was developed to predict the symbiotic response to the treatment using six independent variables, including the squared litter-bag fingerprints, and an R 2 adj. level of 0.78 (P=0.01) was reached, with a standard error of ±4%. Validation in one external maize field, with a positive response to bio-fertilizers, demonstrates the juxtaposition of the estimated and accomplished yield. In a second experiment, with 40 pairwise comparisons, the two tested maize varieties did not respond to five types of bio-fertilizer, and the negative results were predicted at 84% (P 0.0012). The soil biota is a key factor for the application of appropriate microbial inoculants in the field, but the genotype/ genotype interactions between the microbial strain (s) and the crop cultivar (s) require prior screening to obtain the desired results.

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Section: Yield Response and Phsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Spectroscopic and Foliar pH Model for Yield Prediction in a Symbiotic Corn Production

Volpato¹,

Masoero²,

Mazzinelli³

et al. 2019

JAR

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“…A series of leaf composition models were obtained from NIR-SCÏO TM foliar spectra, which had previously been obtained in a sorghum experiment 15 .…”

Section: -Foliar Nirs and Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potency of Commercial Symbiotic Bio-Fertilizer Consortium for Mitigating the Olive Quick Decline Syndrome (OQDS)

Giovannetti¹,

Polo²,

Nutricato³

et al. 2019

JAR

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The inoculation of soil with a bio-fertilizer (BF), with arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi, characterizes a Symbiotic (S) agriculture mode, aimed at promoting the yield and health of crops through modifications in the rhizosphere as well as in the plant phenotype. The main objective of this study was to reduce the incidence of Olive Quick Decline Syndrome (OQDS, involving Xylella fastidiosasubsp.pauca) that afflicts the olive groves in Apulia (Italy). Non-inoculated control (C) plants were compared with Symbiotic (S) plants inoculated with 20 kg ha-1 of Micosat F ®, through a 15 cm deep scarification, in the groves of seven farms covering an area of 27 ha. In addition to a visual observation of 484 plants, to obtain a gradation of the disease severity, some objective rapid type methods were utilized to survey the plants and soil , namely leaf pH, NIR tomoscopy of the leaves, hay-litter-bag probes coupled with NIR spectroscopy and the prediction of soil induced respiration. The fingerprinting of the S and C types of leaves and litter-bags was ascertained by means of the use of a random forest algorithm in the classification matrices. The results on the symptoms appeared variable: they were significantly mitigated in two groves out of six, but they were aggravated in one. All the rapid measurements became essentials in a “holistic” model which was able to explain over 95% of the average mitigation / null / aggravation response to BF inoculation. The holistic model gathers differential and compositional analyses of the leaf (pH, crude protein, water) and of the soil (respiration), but depends mainly on the fingerprinting of the C and S leaves and litter-bags. Two keys were identified for a successful inoculation: a high degree of variability of the soil conditions permitting hospitality for the BF with enhancement of the microbial activity in the S soil (lowering the fingerprint of the control litter-bags) and homogeneity of the leaves (with increases in the fingerprint of the S leaves treated with BF). In short, the inoculation of diseased plants with one BF consortium is far from being the ultimate remedy to mitigate OQDS in all situations. Further studies are needed, at a field level, to clarify the soil hosting capacity and to define the mycorrhizal and / or endophytic * plant * pathogen interactions, even using rapid methods.

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“…Three recently published rapid methods, namely the NIRS-litter-bag technique 13 , the raw foliar pH 14,15,16 and foliar NIR-Tomoscopy 17 , have been used together, in a holistic model, for a symbiotic corn yield production 4 . The aim of this study has been to investigate the quality of symbiotic corn.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectroscopic Kernel Quality from a Symbiotic Corn Production

Masoero¹,

Mazzinelli²,

Balconi³

et al. 2020

JAR

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The management of the inoculation of a plant's roots, by means of biofertilizers (BF) containing arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, is aimed at inducing modifications of the quality of the seeds. It is here shown that a seed-soil treatment can be elicited in the fingerprints of a symbiotic treatment using Near Infra Red (NIR)-SCiO NIR-SCiO spectra collections of single kernels: overall, a sensitivity of 73% and a specificity of 73% have been achieved, thus suggesting that it may be possible to assign the symbiotic origin of corn from just twenty kernels, provided that the dataset is adequately representative of the cultivar and AM. A global correlation study has shown a positive general trend (R 2 0.45) of quality vs. quantity, in the sense that an increase in yield corresponded to an increase in the spectral differences between the symbiotic spectra and the control ones, but the inverse was also true, as a result of the parasitic behaviour of the BF treatments. The efficacy of the symbiosis can be back predicted from the NIR spectra; in fact, around 90% of the positive yield outcome results were discriminated from the negative ones. A reduction in the foliar pH (R 2 0.37) and an increase in the foliar protein (R 2 0.43) were observed as immediate phenotypic signs of a productive symbiosis.The commercial raw composition of the kernels appeared to only be affected slightly by the BF treatments; thus, till now uncharted secondary compounds of the maize kernels are involved, as supported by animal performances.

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Raw pH fall-out as a sign of a mycorrhizal modifier of Sorghum sudanensis

Cited by 12 publications

References 25 publications

Spectroscopic and Foliar pH Model for Yield Prediction in a Symbiotic Corn Production

Spectroscopic and Foliar pH Model for Yield Prediction in a Symbiotic Corn Production

Potency of Commercial Symbiotic Bio-Fertilizer Consortium for Mitigating the Olive Quick Decline Syndrome (OQDS)

Spectroscopic Kernel Quality from a Symbiotic Corn Production

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