Reaction‐Based Electrochemiluminescent Chemodosimeters for Reactive Species Detection in Biomedical Applications

Abstract

Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) probes are powerful molecular sensors that surpass the capabilities of conventional fluorescence or absorbance techniques. ECL offers distinct advantages, including exceptional photophysical properties, cost‐effectiveness, rapid response in sample analysis, high selectivity and sensitivity, ease of operation, portability, and high quantum yields. These advantages make ECL an ideal modality for quantifying biologically relevant species without disrupting regular cellular processes. The development of highly sensitive strategies for disease targets is of paramount importance in the fields of biological science and medicine. Furthermore, the increasing concerns surrounding the environment and health have resulted in the urgent need of discovering new sensors and biomarker detection approaches that are economically viable. Significant research has been conducted on chemosensors, called chemodosimeters, which utilize selective reaction‐based turn‐on phenomena. This review presents the research achievements in the design protocols, mechanisms, and recognition applications of various types of the reaction‐based ECL chemodosimeter. It specifically covers applications in the quantification of thiols, reactive oxygen‐nitrogen species (ROS/RNS), and gaseous signalling molecules. By shedding light on the ECL potential, we aim to inspire chemists and chemical biologists to explore novel strategies. These advancements will lead to the improved detection and visualization of biomedical targets.