Reactive indoor air chemistry and health—A workshop summary

Wells, J. R.; Schoemaecker, Coralie; Carslaw, Nicola; Waring, Michael S.; Ham, Jason E.; Nelissen, Inge; Wolkoff, Peder

doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2017.09.009

Cited by 29 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 146 publications

(184 reference statements)

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“…Indeed, some of the same products generated when ozone is inhaled are generated indoors and subsequently inhaled (albeit at much lower “intake ratios”). The link between products derived from ozone‐initiated indoor chemistry and acute and chronic health is poorly characterized . The present mortality estimates have neglected the role of these products.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ozone in urban China: Impact on mortalities and approaches for establishing indoor guideline concentrations

et al. 2019

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Reducing indoor ozone levels may be an effective strategy to reduce total exposure and associated mortality. Here we estimate (a) premature mortalities attributable to ozone for China's urban population ≥25 years of age; (b) the fraction of total exposure occurring indoors; and (c) mortalities that can be potentially avoided through meeting current and more stringent indoor ozone standards/guidelines based on 1‐hour daily maxima. To estimate ozone‐attributable premature mortalities, we used hourly outdoor ozone concentrations measured at 1497 monitoring stations located in 339 Chinese cities and a published concentration‐response model. We proceeded to estimate province‐specific infiltration factors and co‐occurring hourly indoor ozone concentrations. For the year 2015, we estimated that indoor exposures accounted for 59% (95% confidence interval (CI): 26%‐79%) of the total ozone exposure that resulted in 70800 (95% CI: 35 900‐137 700) premature all‐cause mortalities in urban China. If the current Chinese indoor ozone standards (80 ppbv (160 µg/m3); 56 ppbv (112 µg/m3)) were met, the mean estimates of reduction in mortalities would be indistinguishable from zero. With stricter 1‐hour indoor ozone guidelines, the expected mortality reductions increase exponentially per unit decrease in indoor ozone. The analysis in this paper should help facilitate formulating present and future indoor ozone guidelines.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The link between products derived from ozone-initiated indoor chemistry and acute and chronic health is poorly characterized. 65 The In the first approach, ozone is removed before it has an opportunity to react with indoor chemicals.…”

Section: Exposure To Indoor Ozone and Its Oxidation Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ozone in urban China: Impact on mortalities and approaches for establishing indoor guideline concentrations

et al. 2019

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“…Due to higher temperatures, both the amount of chemicals available for reactions in indoor air and the rate of these reactions will increase. Such exposures in indoor environments, strongly influenced by indoor air chemistry, have received increased attention as there are concerns regarding their health effects [ 46 , 47 ].…”

Section: Themes Of Special Interest Discussed From the Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Healthy Indoor Environments: The Need for a Holistic Approach

Wierzbicka

Pedersen

Persson

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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Indoor environments have a large impact on health and well-being, so it is important to understand what makes them healthy and sustainable. There is substantial knowledge on individual factors and their effects, though understanding how factors interact and what role occupants play in these interactions (both causative and receptive) is lacking. We aimed to: (i) explore interactions between factors and potential risks if these are not considered from holistic perspective; and (ii) identify components needed to advance research on indoor environments. The paper is based on collaboration between researchers from disciplines covering technical, behavioural, and medical perspectives. Outcomes were identified through literature reviews, discussions and workshops with invited experts and representatives from various stakeholder groups. Four themes emerged and were discussed with an emphasis on occupant health: (a) the bio-psycho-social aspects of health; (b) interaction between occupants, buildings and indoor environment; (c) climate change and its impact on indoor environment quality, thermal comfort and health; and (d) energy efficiency measures and indoor environment. To advance the relevant research, the indoor environment must be considered a dynamic and complex system with multiple interactions. This calls for a transdisciplinary and holistic approach and effective collaboration with various stakeholders.

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“…Carboxylic acids are more reactive than their corresponding aldehydes and may therefore play an important role in the formation of secondary organic aerosols (SOAs). The question of whether these products could cause adverse health effects on the eyes and the upper and lower respiratory airways has been a matter of scientific discussion (Wolkoff, 2013;Wells et al, 2017;Wolkoff and Nielsen, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a workshop summary, Wells et al (2017) reviewed health effects studies on exposure to ozone-terpene mixtures. No inflammatory reactions in the airways were observed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health and Exposure to VOCs From Pinewood in Indoor Environments

Skulberg

Nyrud

Goffeng

et al. 2019

Front. Built Environ.

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As a natural, biological material, wood emits various organic chemical substances, mostly volatile organic compounds (VOCs), very volatile organic compounds (VVOCs) and formaldehyde. When such emissions occur in indoor spaces, concentrations of these substances are higher than concentrations outdoors. Consequently, the level of emissions from building materials are of relevance in relation to their possible health effects. The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that exposure to VOCs from Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) might increase mucous membrane symptoms and/or general symptoms, compared to exposure to VOCs from Norway spruce (Picea abies). The study was carried out as a double-blinded, crossover, randomized, controlled trial. The health indicators were measured using objective and subjective methods. The VOC exposure was measured with a proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Thirty healthy individuals participated. The mean concentration of CO 2 inside the chamber in each session varied between 420 ppm and 533 ppm. The temperature and RH varied between 21.5 • C and 23.7 • C and 12.0% and 24.2%. Ozone was supplied via ventilated outdoor air. The median concentration in outdoor air was 23 µg/m 3 (13 ppb). The study was conducted with a statistically significant difference in the exposure to VOCs between the experimental (pine) exposure and the control (spruce) exposure. The mean concentrations of VOCs during the experimental exposure were methanol (31 ppb), acetaldehyde (8 ppb), formic acid (11 ppb), acetone/propanal (14 ppb), acetic acid (14 ppb) and monoterpenes (172 ppb). No difference in health outcome was revealed between the experimental and the control exposure. No inflammatory reactions or sensory irritation were found with exposure to 172 ppb monoterpenes and a low ozone concentration. Low relative humidity may have increased eye blinking in the participants in both exposure situations.

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Reactive indoor air chemistry and health—A workshop summary

Cited by 29 publications

References 146 publications

Ozone in urban China: Impact on mortalities and approaches for establishing indoor guideline concentrations

Ozone in urban China: Impact on mortalities and approaches for establishing indoor guideline concentrations

Healthy Indoor Environments: The Need for a Holistic Approach

Health and Exposure to VOCs From Pinewood in Indoor Environments

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