Reactive Infiltration Instabilities

Chadam, John; Hoff, David; Merino, Enrique; Ortoleva, P.; Sen, Asok K.

doi:10.1093/imamat/36.3.207

Cited by 225 publications

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“…Such a channel network could be produced as a result of the reactive infiltration instability [Chadam et al, 1986;Ortoleva et al, 1987]. According to this theory, diffuse flow of a solvent through a soluble porous matrix is unstable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial distribution of melt conduits in the mantle beneath oceanic spreading ridges: Observations from the Ingalls and Oman ophiolites

Kelemen

Braun

Hirth

2000

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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[1] Ophiolites are on-land exposures of igneous crust and residual upper mantle formed beneath submarine spreading ridges. Upper mantle outcrops in ophiolites provide insight into focusing of melt transport from a $100 km wide region of partial melting into an $5 km wide zone of igneous crustal accretion beneath the ridges. Dunite veins, composed of the minerals olivine and spinel, mark conduits for melt transport through at least the uppermost 30 km of the mantle. New data in this paper, on dunite veins in the Ingalls ophiolite, central Washington Cascades, show a power law relationship between frequency and width, in which frequency/m %0.02 width À3 over a size interval from $0.1 to 2 m. There may be several ways to generate this relationship, but we favor the hypothesis that the dunites represent a coalescing melt transport network. This conclusion is broadly consistent with the related hypothesis that mantle melt extraction occurs in a fractal, branching network, and with recent results on formation of a coalescing network of dissolution channels via flow of a solvent through a partially soluble, compacting porous medium.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial distribution of melt conduits in the mantle beneath oceanic spreading ridges: Observations from the Ingalls and Oman ophiolites

Kelemen

Braun

Hirth

2000

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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“…The effect on I tot is more pronounced when the concentration of carbonate is increased at a fixed calcium concentration than in the reverse case (Figure 3). This could be explained by the relatively larger change in viscosity of the Ca 2+ solution (see Table S1) as the concentration increases, which hinders the mixing of the reactants when the less viscous CO 3 2− is injected. The influence of various mixing effects due to the flow 7,14 on underlying reaction−diffusion profiles 6 should also be investigated to improve our understanding of these differences.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To understand the evolution of these hollow patterns, note that the ratio between the viscosity of the displaced Ca 2+ and that of the injected CO 3 2− solution is only ∼3 (Table S1). As shown previously, 10 this viscosity contrast is not large enough to produce viscous fingering under our experimental conditions.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Calcium Carbonate Mineralization in a Confined Geometry

Schuszter

Brau

Wit

2016

Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett.

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Injection of CO 2 in porous aquifers, where mineralization takes place via chemical reactions, is one possible long-term solution considered for storage of this greenhouse gas. This mineralization is investigated here experimentally in a confined geometry by injecting radially an aqueous solution of carbonate into a solution of calcium ions to produce solid calcium carbonate. Various precipitation patterns are observed depending on the injection rate and concentrations of the reactants. The pattern properties are quantified to analyze the influence of the growth conditions on mineralization. We show the existence of critical concentrations of reactants, which are functions of the flow rate, above which the amount of precipitate drops significantly.

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“…This is due to the increasing porosity which accompanies the replacement process and can be compared to the general process of reactive infiltration instabilities [48]. Even though our simulation of the dolomitization is a simplified model of the natural process it is sufficient to simulate the impurity redistribution mechanism which we assume to be crucial for the textural evolution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zebra pattern in rocks as a function of grain growth affected by second-phase particles

2015

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Alternating fine grained dark and coarse grained light layers in rocks are often termed zebra patterns and are found worldwide. The crystals in the different bands have an almost identical chemical composition, however second-phase particles (e.g., fluid filled pores or a second mineral phase) are concentrated in the dark layers. Even though this pattern is very common and has been studied widely, the initial stage of the pattern formation remains controversial. In this communication we present a simple microdynamic model which can explain the beginning of the zebra pattern formation. The two dimensional model consists of two main processes, mineral replacement along a reaction front, and grain boundary migration affected by impurities. In the numerical model we assume that an initial distribution of second-phase particles is present due to sedimentary layering. The reaction front percolates the model and redistributes second-phase particles by shifting them until the front is saturated and drops the particles again. This produces and enhances initial layering. Grain growth is hindered in layers with high second-phase particle concentrations whereas layers with low concentrations coarsen. Due to the grain growth activity in layers with low second-phase particle concentrations these impurities are collected at grain boundaries and the crystals become very clean. Therefore, the white layers in the pattern contain large grains with low concentration of second-phase particles, whereas the dark layers contain small grains with a large second-phase particle concentration. The presence of the zebra pattern is characteristic for regions containing Pb-Zn mineralization. Therefore, the origin of the structure is presumably related to the mineralization process and might be used as a marker for ore exploration. A complete understanding of the formation of this pattern will contribute to a more accurate understanding of hydrothermal systems that build up economic mineralization.

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Reactive Infiltration Instabilities

Cited by 225 publications

References 0 publications

Spatial distribution of melt conduits in the mantle beneath oceanic spreading ridges: Observations from the Ingalls and Oman ophiolites

Spatial distribution of melt conduits in the mantle beneath oceanic spreading ridges: Observations from the Ingalls and Oman ophiolites

Calcium Carbonate Mineralization in a Confined Geometry

Zebra pattern in rocks as a function of grain growth affected by second-phase particles

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