Real-time monitoring of poultry activity in breeding farms

A Review on Computer Vision Technology for Monitoring Poultry Farm—Application, Hardware, and Software

“…Computer vision has been widely used in various processes of different poultry production systems. It includes automation of the house management, behavior, and welfare [11,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40], disease detection [28,[41][42][43][44][45][46][47], weight measurement [27,[48][49], slaughtering process [50][51], carcass quality [52][53][54][55], and egg examination [56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65]. On the other hand, computer vision also popular on other livestock monitoring, such as pig [73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80], sheep or cattle …”

“…There are various types of camera that have been used in poultry farm regardless of its purposes. The particular type of imaging methods massively used in poultry farm, including visible light camera [11,[27][28][29][34][35][36][37][38][39]41,44,51], infrared [34,36], thermographic [36], depth [41,48,59], and hyperspectral camera [61][62]. While an ordinary visible-light camera captures light across three wavelength bands in the visible spectrum, including red, green, and blue (RGB), infrared, thermographic, depth and hyperspectral imaging encompasses a wide variety of spectrums that go beyond RGB.…”

“…Several studies have revealed that this type of camera is capable of capturing images for various purposes. For example, it is operated to detect the sick broilers [28,41], monitoring broiler behavior and movement [11,30,[34][35][36][37][38][39]41,44], and predict the live weight of broiler [27]. However, few major drawbacks of this camera are the lenses compatibility and resolution.…”

“…There are three regions in the IR electromagnetic spectrum defined as (1) near-IR (780-2,500 nm), (2) mid-IR (2500-25,000 nm), and (3) far-IR (25,000-1,000,000 nm) [89]. Previous studies evaluating IR camera observed on whether on poultry activity monitoring or tracking [34,36]. Similarly, IR camera is having shortcoming as visible light digital camera as it still needs enough light & contrast to create usable images [36].…”

“…Ellipse model has been implemented in the poultry study related to poultry tracking [32,34,39] and early sick warning system [28,42]. To estimate the target, this approach uses the current color feature prototype so that it can separate the poultry target into a new frame from the background.…”