Real time optimization of steam reforming of methane in an industrial hydrogen plant

Taji, M.; Farsi, M.; Keshavarz, Peyman

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.05.094

Cited by 69 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…These kinetic models are commonly used by many researchers today for the reforming processes that involve steam reforming, dry reforming, and partial and complete oxidation, such as tri and autothermal reforming (Eqs. (7)- (11)) [18,[22][23][24][25][26][27]:…”

Section: Reaction Scheme and Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To model the flow and reactions of the reforming process along the packed-bed reactor, Eqs. (25) and (26) were solved simultaneously:…”

Section: Governing Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

true R_{1} = \frac{k_{1}}{P_{{normalH}_{2}}^{2.5}} (P_{C H_{4}} P_{H_{2} O} - \frac{P_{H_{2}}^{3} P_{CO}}{K_{I}}) \frac{1}{ϕ^{2}}

true R_{2} = \frac{k_{2}}{P_{{normalH}_{2}}^{3.5}} (P_{C H_{4}} P_{H_{2} O}^{2} - \frac{P_{H_{2}}^{4} P_{C O_{2}}}{K_{II}}) \frac{1}{ϕ^{2}}

true R_{3} = \frac{k_{3}}{P_{{normalH}_{2}}} (P_{CO} P ...

…”

Section: System Description and Mathematical Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinetic and CFD Modeling of Exhaust Gas Reforming of Natural Gas in a Catalytic Fixed‐Bed Reactor for Spark Ignition Engines

et al. 2020

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Fuel reforming is an attractive method for performance enhancement of internal combustion engines fueled by natural gas, since the syngas can be generated inline from the reforming process. In this study, 1D and 2D steady‐state modeling of exhaust gas reforming of natural gas in a catalytic fixed‐bed reactor were conducted under different conditions. With increasing engine speed, methane conversion and hydrogen production increased. Similarly, increasing the fraction of recirculated exhaust gas resulted in higher consumption of methane and generation of H2 and CO. Steam addition enhanced methane conversion. However, when the amount of steam exceeded that of methane, less hydrogen was produced. Increasing the wall temperature increased the methane conversion and reduced the H2/CO ratio.

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Section: Reaction Scheme and Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To model the flow and reactions of the reforming process along the packed-bed reactor, Eqs. (25) and (26) were solved simultaneously:…”

Section: Governing Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

true R_{1} = \frac{k_{1}}{P_{{normalH}_{2}}^{2.5}} (P_{C H_{4}} P_{H_{2} O} - \frac{P_{H_{2}}^{3} P_{CO}}{K_{I}}) \frac{1}{ϕ^{2}}

true R_{2} = \frac{k_{2}}{P_{{normalH}_{2}}^{3.5}} (P_{C H_{4}} P_{H_{2} O}^{2} - \frac{P_{H_{2}}^{4} P_{C O_{2}}}{K_{II}}) \frac{1}{ϕ^{2}}

true R_{3} = \frac{k_{3}}{P_{{normalH}_{2}}} (P_{CO} P ...

…”

Section: System Description and Mathematical Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinetic and CFD Modeling of Exhaust Gas Reforming of Natural Gas in a Catalytic Fixed‐Bed Reactor for Spark Ignition Engines

et al. 2020

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“…In the reforming process, the hydrocarbons react with a reforming agent in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst, and hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide are produced. Since pure hydrogen is applied in the fossil fuel upgrading units in an oil refinery, the steam reforming of methane is more attractive compared to other reforming types due to high hydrogen yield [7] . In the old technologies, the produced carbon monoxide through reforming is converted to hydrogen in the high and low temperature shift reactors, and then the produced carbon dioxide is separated from products in an absorption column [8] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supporting Conversion Section of Hydrogen Production Unit by Membrane Modules to Produce Extra-Pure Hydrogen and Improving Equilibrium Conversion

Sarkarzadeh

Farsi

2020

SCE

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The main object of this research is the modification of an industrial hydrogen production unit with palladium-based membrane modules to produce extra-pure hydrogen and shift reactions toward the hydrogen production side. The considered hydrogen production unit includes steam reformer, high and low temperature shift converters, carbon dioxide absorption tower, and methanator. The membrane modules are applied in the catalytic reactors and hydrogen is simultaneously penetrated from the reaction zone toward the sweep gas. In the first step, both conventional and membrane-supported processes are heterogeneously models based on the mass and energy balance equations at steady state condition. Then, the simulation results of conventional process are compared with the plant data to prove the validity of the developed model. Finally, the simulation results of conventional and membrane-supported processes are compared under the same operating condition. In general, applying the membrane module on the system increases hydrogen production rate from 63.95 to 67.21 mole s-1. Based on the simulation results, supporting the conventional with the membrane module increases hydrogen production rate by 5.1%.

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“…Methane steam reforming (SR) is a leading reaction in syngas production with a wide employment on an industrial scale [1][2][3][4][5][6]. However, in order to allow high conversions of methane, very high temperatures (900 • C) are employed, and this requires feeding the reactor with a large amount of heat, which is provided by burning part of the methane reagent in an external furnace.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Active Catalysts Based on the Rh4(CO)12 Cluster Supported on Ce0.5Zr0.5 and Zr Oxides for Low-Temperature Methane Steam Reforming

et al. 2019

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Syngas and Hydrogen productions from methane are industrially carried out at high temperatures (900 °C). Nevertheless, low-temperature steam reforming can be an alternative for small-scale plants. In these conditions, the process can also be coupled with systems that increase the overall efficiency such as hydrogen purification with membranes, microreactors or enhanced reforming with CO2 capture. However, at low temperature, in order to get conversion values close to the equilibrium ones, very active catalysts are needed. For this purpose, the Rh4(CO)12 cluster was synthetized and deposited over Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 and ZrO2 supports, prepared by microemulsion, and tested in low-temperature steam methane reforming reactions under different conditions. The catalysts were active at 750 °C at low Rh loadings (0.05%) and outperformed an analogous Rh-impregnated catalyst. At higher Rh concentrations (0.6%), the Rh cluster deposited on Ce0.5Zr0.5 oxide reached conversions close to the equilibrium values and good stability over long reaction time, demonstrating that active phases derived from Rh carbonyl clusters can be used to catalyze steam reforming reactions. Conversely, the same catalyst suffered from a fast deactivation at 500 °C, likely related to the oxidation of the Rh phase due to the oxygen-mobility properties of Ce. Indeed, at 500 °C the Rh-based ZrO2-supported catalyst was able to provide stable results with higher conversions. The effects of different pretreatments were also investigated: at 500 °C, the catalysts subjected to thermal treatment, both under N2 and H2, proved to be more active than those without the H2 treatment. In general, this work highlights the possibility of using Rh carbonyl-cluster-derived supported catalysts in methane reforming reactions and, at low temperature, it showed deactivation phenomena related to the presence of reducible supports.

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Real time optimization of steam reforming of methane in an industrial hydrogen plant

Cited by 69 publications

References 25 publications

Kinetic and CFD Modeling of Exhaust Gas Reforming of Natural Gas in a Catalytic Fixed‐Bed Reactor for Spark Ignition Engines

Kinetic and CFD Modeling of Exhaust Gas Reforming of Natural Gas in a Catalytic Fixed‐Bed Reactor for Spark Ignition Engines

Supporting Conversion Section of Hydrogen Production Unit by Membrane Modules to Produce Extra-Pure Hydrogen and Improving Equilibrium Conversion

Highly Active Catalysts Based on the Rh4(CO)12 Cluster Supported on Ce0.5Zr0.5 and Zr Oxides for Low-Temperature Methane Steam Reforming

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