Real world evidence: experience and lessons from China

Sun, Xin; Tan, Jing; Tang, Li; Guo, Jeff J.; Li, Xinling

doi:10.1136/bmj.j5262

Cited by 77 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…[13][14][15][21][22][23] The large volume of patients in China, together with fast-developing health information systems, furnishes a promising opportunity to enlighten healthcare practice and policy-making based on real-world evidence. [24][25][26][27] Although a growing number of researchers are applying the American-population-based CCI and ECI to a Chinese population, there is no evidence of cross-population generalizability of these comorbidity indices using Chinese administrative data. [28][29][30][31] Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the predictive accuracy of five commonly used indices in in-hospital mortalities of four disease cohorts based on a large administrative database in Shanxi, China.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Comparing the Performance of Charlson and Elixhauser Comorbidity Indices to Predict In-Hospital Mortality Among a Chinese Population</p>

Cai¹,

Liu²,

Zhang³

et al. 2020

CLEP

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Comparing the Performance of Charlson and Elixhauser Comorbidity Indices to Predict In-Hospital Mortality Among a Chinese Population</p>

Cai¹,

Liu²,

Zhang³

et al. 2020

CLEP

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“…Presently, it is difficult to obtain and share real world data between public hospitals in China (30). Research on the life quality of people suffering diseases in China, especially the health utility values of various disease states, are currently an urgent need.…”

Section: Lack Of An Hta Data Support System Entails Strengthening Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Driving factors and mode transformation regarding health technology assessment (HTA) in China: Problems and recommendations

Wang

Jin

Bai

et al. 2019

BST

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As the reform of Chinese medical and health undertakings has advanced (since 2015), the admission, pricing and payment policies regarding the new health technologies of China have undergone significant changes, and health technology assessment (HTA) has gradually become one of the current reform and research hotspots in China. Based on the perspective of HTA driving factors and the development mode, this paper proposes a two-stage mode of HTA development in China, namely, the mode driven by the management of new heath technology admission and another one driven by new health technology pricing and medical insurance payment. In addition, the paper also proposes the challenges that HTA faces in China under the current mode, including the development system, process standard, data mechanism, and policy application. Besides, recommendations are provided for the further development of HTA construction in China, including strengthening the development system of regional HTA centers, formulating HTA process guidance, building a database, improving evaluation quality and intensifying policy integration.

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“…While randomized controlled trials (RCT) have long been seen as the "gold standard" for evaluating the efficacy of interventions, there are well-known limitations to their generalizability [1]. Accordingly, there have been growing interests in real-world studies (RWS) to generate real-world evidence (RWE) that are more realistic and generalizable [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9], and RWE is increasingly valued by regulators and payers [10]. In addition, RWE and the RCT can happily co-exist and complement each other [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generalizing findings from a randomized controlled trial to a real-world study of the iLookOut, an online education program to improve early childhood care and education providers’ knowledge and attitudes about reporting child maltreatment

et al. 2020

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In recent years, real-world studies (RWS) are gaining increasing interests, because they can generate more realistic and generalizable results than randomized controlled clinical trials (RCT). In 2017, we published a RCT in 741 early childhood care and education providers (CCPs). It is the Phase I of our iLookOut for Child Abuse project (iLookOut), an online, interactive learning module about reporting suspected child maltreatment. That study demonstrated that in a RCT setting, the iLookOut is efficient at improving CCPs' knowledge of and attitudes towards child maltreatment reporting. However, the generalizability of that RCT's results in a RWS setting remains unknown. To address this question, we design and conduct this large RWS in 11,065 CCPs, which is the Phase II of the iLookOut. We hypothesize replication of the earlier RCT findings, i.e., the iLookOut can improve CCPs' knowledge of and attitudes toward child maltreatment reporting in a real world setting. In addition, this RWS also explores whether demographic factors affect CCPs' performance. Results of this RWS confirmed the generalizability of the previous RCT's results in a real world setting. It yielded similar effect sizes for knowledge and attitudes as were found in the earlier RCT. Cohen's d for knowledge improvement was 0.95 in that RCT, 0.96 in this RWS; Cohen's d for attitude improvement was 0.98 in that RCT, 0.80 in this RWS. Also, we found several

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Real world evidence: experience and lessons from China

Abstract: Xin Sun and colleagues discuss the development of real world evidence in Chinese healthcare and propose strategies to improve its quality and usefulness

Cited by 77 publications

References 17 publications

<p>Comparing the Performance of Charlson and Elixhauser Comorbidity Indices to Predict In-Hospital Mortality Among a Chinese Population</p>

<p>Comparing the Performance of Charlson and Elixhauser Comorbidity Indices to Predict In-Hospital Mortality Among a Chinese Population</p>

Driving factors and mode transformation regarding health technology assessment (HTA) in China: Problems and recommendations

Generalizing findings from a randomized controlled trial to a real-world study of the iLookOut, an online education program to improve early childhood care and education providers’ knowledge and attitudes about reporting child maltreatment

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