Receipt of First and Second Doses of JYNNEOS Vaccine for Prevention of Monkeypox — United States, May 22–October 10, 2022

Kriss, Jennifer L.; Boersma, Peter; Martin, Emalee; Reed, Kirsten; Adjemian, Jennifer; Smith, Nathaniel J.; Carter, Rosalind J.; Tan, Kathrine R.; Srinivasan, Arunkumar; McGarvey, Sunanda R.; McGehee, Jennifer; Henderson, Danielle R.; Aleshire, Noah; Gundlapalli, Adi V.

doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm7143e2

Cited by 33 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…¶ ¶ On August 9, 2022, FDA issued an emergency use authorization for JYNNEOS to allow intradermal administration of a lower volume of vaccine to adults aged ≥18 years,*** increasing the number of available doses by a factor of 3-5. As of October 10, 2022, a total of 931,155 doses had been administered (3).…”

Section: Public Health Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiologic Features of the Monkeypox Outbreak and the Public Health Response — United States, May 17–October 6, 2022

Kava¹,

Rohraff²,

Wallace³

et al. 2022

MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep.

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On May 17, 2022, the Massachusetts Department of Health announced the first suspected case of monkeypox associated with the global outbreak in a U.S. resident. On May 23, 2022, CDC launched an emergency response (1,2). CDC's emergency response focused on surveillance, laboratory testing, medical countermeasures, and education. Medical countermeasures included rollout of a national JYNNEOS vaccination strategy, Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issuance of an emergency use authorization to allow for intradermal administration of JYNNEOS, and use of tecovirimat for patients with, or at risk for, severe monkeypox. During May 17-October 6, 2022, a total of 26,384 probable and confirmed* U.S. monkeypox cases were reported to CDC. Daily case counts peaked during mid-to-late August. Among 25,001 of 25,569 (98%) cases in adults with information on gender identity, † 23,683 (95%) occurred in cisgender men. Among 13,997 cisgender men with information on recent sexual or close intimate contact, § 10,440 (75%) reported male-to-male sexual contact (MMSC) ≤21 days preceding symptom onset. Among 21,211 (80%) cases in persons with information on race and ethnicity, ¶ 6,879 (32%), 6,628 (31%), and 6,330 (30%) occurred in non-Hispanic Black or African American (Black), Hispanic or Latino (Hispanic), and non-Hispanic White (White) persons, respectively. Among 5,017 (20%) cases in adults with information on HIV infection status, 2,876 (57%) had HIV infection. Prevention efforts, including vaccination, should be prioritized among persons at highest risk within groups most affected by the monkeypox outbreak, including gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex * https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/monkeypox/clinicians/case-definition.html † Persons whose reported sex differed from their gender or who reported being transgender were classified as transgender. Among cases with reported information on sex but not gender, sex was used to categorize persons as cisgender women or men. Among cases with reported information on gender but not sex, gender was used to categorize persons as cisgender women or men. Among 25,001 adults with information on sex or gender, 3,589 (14%) only had information on sex, and 6,142 (25%) only had information on gender. § Sexual or close intimate contact is defined as engaging in any sex (e.g., vaginal, oral, or anal) or close intimate contact (e.g., cuddling, kissing, touching partner's genitals or anus, or sharing sex toys) during the 21 days before symptom onset. ¶ Persons who indicated Hispanic ethnicity, regardless of race, were categorized as Hispanic or Latino. Persons missing data on ethnicity were assumed to be non-Hispanic.

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Section: Public Health Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 CDC Monkeypox Emergency Response Team; 2 Epidemic Intelligence Service, CDC; 3 Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.…”

Section: Acknowledgmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiologic Features of the Monkeypox Outbreak and the Public Health Response — United States, May 17–October 6, 2022

Kava¹,

Rohraff²,

Wallace³

et al. 2022

MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep.

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“…Reports received and processed by October 21, 2022, were included. § Adverse event reporting rates were calculated by dividing the number of reports by the number of vaccine doses administered during May 22-October 14 (to allow a minimum of 7 days for VAERS reporting) and reported to CDC by October 24, 2022 (7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety Monitoring of JYNNEOS Vaccine During the 2022 Mpox Outbreak — United States, May 22–October 21, 2022

Duffy¹,

Marquez²,

Moro³

et al. 2022

MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep.

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The JYNNEOS EUA requires health care providers and the vaccine manufacturer to report serious adverse events (irrespective of attribution to vaccination), and cases of cardiac, thromboembolic, and neurovascular events. Health care providers are also required to report vaccine administration errors (whether or not associated with an adverse event). Based on the Code of Federal Regulations, a serious adverse event is defined as occurring if one of the following is reported: death, life-threatening illness, hospitalization or prolongation of hospitalization, permanent disability, congenital anomaly, or birth defect.

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“…The safety of MVA-BN-RSV appears to be in line with that observed with the MVA-BN vaccine, which has been administered in significant numbers both in clinical trials [31,32,33,34,35,36] and in response to the 2022 worldwide monkeypox outbreak [37].…”

Section: Scientific Understanding Of How Immune Response Associates W...mentioning

confidence: 56%

Decreased Viral Load, Symptom Reduction, and Prevention of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection with MVA-BN-RSV Vaccine

Jordan

Kabir

Schultz

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes significant disease burden in infants and older adults. Most vaccines in development focus on the F protein of the virus. MVA BN RSV is a novel vectored vaccine encoding internal and external proteins from both RSV subtypes. Methods: In a phase 2a trial, participants aged 18 to 50 years selected for low RSV titers were randomized to receive MVA BN RSV or placebo, then challenged 4 weeks later with RSV A Memphis 37b. Viral load was assessed from nasal washes and virus cultivation, and RSV symptoms were collected throughout quarantine. Antibody titers and cellular markers were assessed before and after vaccination and challenge. Results: Of 74 participants randomized, 36 received MVA-BN-RSV and 37 received placebo; 31 and 32, respectively, were challenged. Viral load areas under the curve from nasal washes were lower (p=0.017) for MVA-BN-RSV (median=0.00) compared to placebo (median=49.05). Total symptom scores also were lower with MVA BN RSV. Vaccine efficacy in preventing infection confirmed by viral culture was 88.5% (CI: 14.8%; 98.5%). Immunoglobulin A and G in serum increased about 4-fold after MVA-BN-RSV vaccination, which was greater than the placebo response to challenge, and neutralizing antibody titer increased about 2-fold. Cellular responses were robust, particularly to the internal RSV proteins. Injection site pain occurred more frequently with MVA-BN-RSV. No serious adverse events were attributed to vaccination. Conclusion: MVA BN RSV vaccination resulted in lower viral load and was effective against laboratory-confirmed symptomatic infection. Humoral and cellular responses support broad immunogenicity of the vaccine. No safety issues were identified with vaccination.

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Receipt of First and Second Doses of JYNNEOS Vaccine for Prevention of Monkeypox — United States, May 22–October 10, 2022

Cited by 33 publications

References 4 publications

Epidemiologic Features of the Monkeypox Outbreak and the Public Health Response — United States, May 17–October 6, 2022

Epidemiologic Features of the Monkeypox Outbreak and the Public Health Response — United States, May 17–October 6, 2022

Safety Monitoring of JYNNEOS Vaccine During the 2022 Mpox Outbreak — United States, May 22–October 21, 2022

Decreased Viral Load, Symptom Reduction, and Prevention of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection with MVA-BN-RSV Vaccine

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