Recent advancements and future challenges in hybrid optical fiber interferometers

Lashari, Ghulam Abbas; Mumtaz, Farhan; Zhou, Ai; Dai, Yutang

doi:10.1016/j.ijleo.2023.170860

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 135 publications

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“…To date, various techniques have been developed to detect hazardous compounds, including optical spectroscopies, microcontroller-based devices, electrochemistries, and semiconductor-based devices . Fiber-optic sensors − have unique advantages, including remote operation, electromagnetic interference immunity, high thermal stability, anticorrosion properties, dispersed detection, fast response, high sensitivity, lightweight, and compact design. These sensors are coated with a sensitive substance, such as iron/tungsten oxides, zeolites, polymers, or metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), to selectively detect specific chemicals or gases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Miniature Optical Fiber Fabry–Perot Interferometer Based on a Single-Crystal Metal–Organic Framework for the Detection and Quantification of Benzene and Ethanol at Low Concentrations in Nitrogen Gas

Mumtaz,

Zhang,

Subramaniyam

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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This study reports for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, a real-time detection of ultralow-concentration chemical gases using fiber-optic technology, combining a miniaturized Fabry−Perot interferometer (FPI) with metal−organic frameworks (MOFs). The sensor consists of a short and thickwalled silica capillary segment spliced to a lead-in single-mode fiber (SMF), housing a tiny single crystal of HKUST-1 MOF, imparting chemoselectivity features. Ethanol and benzene gases were tested, resulting in a shift in the FPI interference signal. The sensor demonstrated high sensitivity, detecting ethanol gas concentrations (EGCs) with a sensitivity of 0.428 nm/ppm between 24.9 and 40.11 ppm and benzene gas concentrations (BGCs) with a sensitivity of 0.15 nm/ppm between 99 and 124 ppm. The selectivity study involved a combination of three ultralow concentrations of ethanol, benzene, and toluene gases, revealing an enhancement factor of 436% for benzene and 140% for toluene, attributed to the improved miscibility of these conjugated ring molecules with the alkane chains of the ethanol-modified HKUST-1. Experimental tests confirmed the sensor's viability, demonstrating significantly improved response time and spectral characteristics through crystal polishing, indicating its potential for quantifying and detecting chemical gases at ultralow concentrations. This technology may prevent energy resource losses, and the sensor's small size and robust construction make it applicable in confined and hazardous locations.

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