Recent advances and challenges in developing electrochemiluminescence biosensors for health analysis

Abstract

This Feature Article simply introduces principles and mechanisms of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensors for the determination of biomarkers, highlights recent advances of the ECL biosensors on key aspects including new ECL...

Disposable capillary-fill device for the determination of proteases incorporating elimination of light-shielding from the magnetic beads with cleavage of the electrogenerated chemiluminescence label-tagged peptide probe

“…13,14 Determination of proteases can be mainly classified into antigen-antibody-binding-based and cleavage peptide-based bioassays. 16 Many efforts have been made to propel the development of portable sensing platforms for the determination of drug metabolites 17,18 and protease biomarkers. 19,20 In 2021, the group of Rusling reported a microfluidic immunoarray for the simultaneous determination of eight proteins using capture antibodies attached on the surface of a screen-printed carbon electrode as a sensing platform.…”

“…20 However, antibodies from living animals and cells have the drawback of being costly and temperature-sensitive. 16,21 Recently, peptide-cleavage-based biosensing methods have been attracting increasing attention, since they have simple principles and are suitable for the determination of many biological proteases. 13,16 The ECL biosensing method generally uses molecular recognition elements (antibody, peptide etc .)…”

“…16,21 Recently, peptide-cleavage-based biosensing methods have been attracting increasing attention, since they have simple principles and are suitable for the determination of many biological proteases. 13,16 The ECL biosensing method generally uses molecular recognition elements (antibody, peptide etc .) and ECL reagents/materials to determine biomarkers by translating a biochemical interaction into a quantifiable ECL signal.…”

“…One is modifying peptides onto the surface of the electrodes, and the other is modifying peptides onto the surface of magnetic beads (MBs). 16 In 2014, our group reported an ECL peptide-based biosensing method for the determination of PSA by modifying a ferrocene–carboxylic-acid-tagged specific peptide onto a gold-nanoparticle-, Nafion- and Ru(bpy) 3 2+ -modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE). 22 In 2017, our group reported an ECL biosensing method for the simultaneous detection of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-7 using peptides labeled with a iridium-complex and ruthenium complex on a gold electrode.…”

Near-infrared II aggregation-induced electrochemiluminescence of organic dots

“…Organic nanomaterial-based ECL emitters can be viewed as one of the promising alternatives owing to their excellent structural designability, tunable emission wavelengths, and biocompatibility. 14 In particular, these emitters with aggregationinduced emission (AIE) activity have exhibited unique fascination due to their high luminescence efficiency in the aggregated states, and have been utilized for efficient ECL emitters in an aqueous medium, 15 which is so-called aggregation-induced ECL (AIECL) proposed by De Cola et al in 2017. 16 In the past 6 years, a number of AIECL-active organic emitters have been reported, including polymer-type materials (i.e., polymer dots, 17 conjugated microporous polymers, 18 and covalent-organic frameworks 19 ), and small molecule-based emitters such as organic dots (ODs) 20 and organic nanocrystals.…”