Recent Advances and Perspectives on Powder‐Based Halide Perovskite Film Processing

Abstract

Halide perovskites have undergone an impressive development and could be used in a wide range of optoelectronic devices, where some of them are already at the edge of commercialization, e.g., perovskite solar cells. Recently, interest in perovskites in powder form has increased, as for example, they are found to exhibit high stability and allow for easy production of large quantities. Accordingly, also the topic of processing thin and thick films on the basis of perovskite powders is currently gaining momentum. Here, perovskite powder can form the basis for both, typical wet and solvent-based processing approaches, as well as for dry processes. In this Progress Report, the recent developments of halide perovskites in powder form and of film processing approaches are summarized that are based on them. The advantages and opportunities of the different processing methods are highlighted, but their individual drawbacks and limitations are also discussed. Prospects are also pointed out and possible steps necessary to unlock the full potential of powder-based processing methods for producing high quality thick and thin perovskite layers in the future are discussed.

Organic‐Inorganic Perovskite Films and Efficient Planar Heterojunction Solar Cells by Magnetron Sputtering

“…The milling balls crushed the reactants, thus providing the reaction energy by impact and friction. [39] 1 g of MAPbI 3 powders or MAPbI 3 with PbCl 2 powders were then pressed into a specific shape of target by molding with a pressure of 60 MPa. The diameter of the perovskite target was ≈2 cm and the thickness was ≈2 mm.…”

“…The milling balls crushed the reactants, thus providing the reaction energy by impact and friction. [ 39 ]…”

“…Perovskite materials could be efficiently prepared via mechanosynthesis method. [ 39 , 40 ] The mechanosynthesized perovskite powder was first pressed into a specific shape of target by molding. The perovskite target was installed on a magnetron sputtering instrument and then sputtered on the substrate to fabricate perovskite thin films.…”

Structure, optoelectronic properties and thermal stability of the triple organic cation GAxFAxMA1−2xPbI3 system prepared by mechanochemical synthesis

“…19 Also, there is a rising trend to use powders in halide perovskite film synthesis directly. 20 To date, several halide perovskites have been synthesized by solvent-free routes, with a few summarized elsewhere. 6 As an archetypical halide perovskite, MAPbI 3 has been the basis for several systems studied in this class of materials.…”

Structural and photophysical investigation of single-source evaporation of CsFAPbI3 and FAPbI3 perovskite thin films

“…While solution-processed PSCs possess low-cost and higher efficiencies at the lab scale, the technique is not yet fully optimized for large-scale PSCs fabrication. [14][15][16] Moreover, toxic organic solvents are used in perovskite precursor solutions. Employing these at an industrial scale could severely impact human health and the environment.…”