Recent Advances Clarifying the Structure and Function of Plant Apyrases (Nucleoside Triphosphate Diphosphohydrolases)

Clark, Greg; Brown, Katherine A.; Tripathy, Manas Kumar; Roux, Stanley J.

doi:10.3390/ijms22063283

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…Under such circumstances, the eATP level rises, giving rise to many negative impacts on cells like inhibiting the rate of cell growth [19], ROS (reactive oxygen species) production, NO (nitric oxide) burst, as well as triggering apoptosis [20]. At this point, APY comes into action by breaking down eATP, which helps plants in cell survival, growth, development, and face off several stresses [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification, characterization of Apyrase (APY) gene family in rice (Oryza sativa) and analysis of the expression pattern under various stress conditions

Chowdhury

Hasan

Bhuiyan

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Apyrase (APY) is a nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) diphosphohydrolase (NTPDase) which is a member of the superfamily of guanosine diphosphatase 1 (GDA1) - cluster of differentiation 39 (CD39) nucleoside phosphatase. Under various circumstances like stress, cell growth, the extracellular adenosine triphosphate (eATP) level increases, causing a detrimental influence on cells such as cell growth retardation, ROS production, NO burst, and apoptosis. Apyrase hydrolyses eATP accumulated in the extracellular membrane during stress, wounds, into adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and regulates the stress-responsive pathway in plants. This study was designed for the identification, characterization, and for analysis of APY gene expression in Oryza sativa. This investigation discovered nine APYs in rice, including both endo- and ecto-apyrase. According to duplication event analysis, in the evolution of OsAPY s, a significant role is performed by segmental duplication. Their role in stress control, hormonal responsiveness, and the development of cells is supported by the corresponding cis-elements present in their promoter regions. According to expression profiling by RNA-seq data, the genes were expressed in various tissues. Upon exposure to a variety of biotic as well as abiotic stimuli, including anoxia, drought, submergence, alkali, heat, dehydration, salt, and cold, they showed a differential expression pattern. The expression analysis from the RT-qPCR data also showed expression under various abiotic stress conditions, comprising cold, salinity, cadmium, drought, submergence, and especially heat stress. This finding will pave the way for future in-vivo analysis, unveil the molecular mechanisms of APY genes in stress response, and contribute to the development of stress-tolerant rice varieties.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification, characterization of Apyrase (APY) gene family in rice (Oryza sativa) and analysis of the expression pattern under various stress conditions

Chowdhury

Hasan

Bhuiyan

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…AMP is a direct agonist for AMPK and its activation by AMP has been observed through allosteric regulation in various organisms [ 47 ]. In this regard, Clark et al, 2020 [ 48 ] reviewed the enzymes that generate AMP through the hydrolysis of ATP in plants. They are known as apyrases (APYs).…”

Section: Editorial On the Special Issue: New Horizons In Plant Cell S...mentioning

confidence: 99%

New Horizons in Plant Cell Signaling

Wong

Gehring

2022

IJMS

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“…The suppression of their expression radically inhibits seedling growth ( Wolf et al, 2007 ; Wu et al, 2007 ; Lim et al, 2014) . These two APYs have 87% structural similarity ( Wu et al, 2007 ), but ˂30% structural similarity to the other five APYs ( Clark et al, 2014 , 2021 ), and they can partially complement each other’s functions ( Wu et al, 2007 ). However, the apy1apy2 double knockout is lethal, because pollen grains fail to germinate in homozygous lines ( Steinebrunner et al, 2003 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

APYRASE1/2 mediate red light-induced de-etiolation growth in Arabidopsis seedlings

et al. 2022

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In etiolated seedlings, red light (R) activates phytochrome and initiates signals that generate major changes at molecular and physiological levels. These changes include inhibition of hypocotyl growth and promotion of the growth of primary roots, apical hooks, and cotyledons. An earlier report showed that the sharp decrease in hypocotyl growth rapidly induced by R was accompanied by an equally rapid decrease in the transcript and protein levels of two closely related apyrases (nucleoside triphosphate-diphosphohydrolases) in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), APY1 and APY2, enzymes whose expression alters auxin transport and growth in seedlings. Here, we report that single knockouts of either apyrase inhibits R-induced promotion of the growth of primary roots, apical hooks, and cotyledons, and RNAi-induced suppression of APY1 expression in the background of apy2 inhibits R-induced apical hook opening. When R-irradiated primary roots and apical hook-cotyledons began to show a gradual increase in their growth relative to dark controls, they concurrently showed increased levels of apyrase protein, but in hook-cotyledon tissue, this occurred without parallel increases in their transcripts. In wild-type seedlings whose root growth is suppressed by the photosynthesis inhibitor 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea, the R-induced increased APY expression in roots was also inhibited. In unirradiated plants, the constitutive expression of APY2 promoted both hook opening and changes in the transcript abundance of Small Auxin Upregulated RNA (SAUR), SAUR17 and SAUR50 that help mediate de-etiolation. These results provide evidence that the expression of APY1/APY2 is regulated by R and that APY1/APY2 participate in the signaling pathway by which phytochrome induces differential growth changes in different tissues of etiolated seedlings.

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Recent Advances Clarifying the Structure and Function of Plant Apyrases (Nucleoside Triphosphate Diphosphohydrolases)

Cited by 19 publications

References 96 publications

Identification, characterization of Apyrase (APY) gene family in rice (Oryza sativa) and analysis of the expression pattern under various stress conditions

Identification, characterization of Apyrase (APY) gene family in rice (Oryza sativa) and analysis of the expression pattern under various stress conditions

New Horizons in Plant Cell Signaling

APYRASE1/2 mediate red light-induced de-etiolation growth in Arabidopsis seedlings

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