Recent advances in detection technologies for COVID-19

COVID-19, a new respiratory infectious disease, was first reported at the end of 2019, in Wuhan, China. Now, COVID-19 is still causing major loss of human life and economic productivity in almost all countries around the world. Early detection, early isolation, and early diagnosis of COVID-19 patients and asymptomatic carriers are essential to blocking the spread of the pandemic. This paper briefly reviewed COVID-19 diagnostic assays for clinical application, including nucleic acid tests, immunological methods, and Computed Tomography (CT) imaging. Nucleic acid tests (NAT) target the virus genome and indicates the existence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Currently, real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) is the most widely used NAT and, basically, is the most used diagnostic assay for COVID-19. Besides qPCR, many novel rapid and sensitive NAT assays were also developed. Serological testing (detection of serum antibodies specific to SARS-CoV-2), which belongs to the immunological methods, is also used in the diagnosis of COVID-19. The positive results of serological testing indicate the presence of antibodies specific to SARS-CoV-2 resulting from being infected with the virus. Viral antigen detection assays are also important immunological methods used mainly for rapid virus detection. However, only a few of these assays had been reported. CT imaging is still an important auxiliary diagnosis tool for COVID-19 patients, especially for symptomatic patients in the early stage, whose viral load is low and different to be identified by NAT. These diagnostic techniques are all good in some way and applying a combination of them will greatly improve the accuracy of COVID-19 diagnostics.

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“… Broughton et al (2020) , De Smet et al (2021) , Fozouni et al (2020) , Han et al (2021) , Yoo et al (2021) and Zhang et al (2020a) .…”

Section: Uncited Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic techniques for COVID-19: A mini-review

Wei

Chen

Li³

et al. 2022

Journal of Virological Methods

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“…Han et al (2021) divide the COVID-19 detection technology broadly into nucleic acid-based, serological-based detection methods, and CT imaging-assisted diagnosis [ 45 ]. However, another study by Etiene et al suggested that detection of COVID-19 can be categorized into viral antigen and antibody [ 46 ].…”

Section: Advances In the Diagnosis Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nucleic acid-based detection methods include real-time RT-PCR, digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR), metagenomics next-generation sequencing (mNGS), reverse transcription‐loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR). Each of these methods has advantages and disadvantages, but in terms of time, the fastest result is CRISPR followed by RT-LAMP and the longest is mNGS ( Table 1 ) [ 45 – 47 ]. Syamsun et al (2022) used a rapid molecular testing (RMT) cartridge to detect the COVID-19 nucleic acid in corpses ( Table 1 ) [ 48 ].…”

Section: Advances In the Diagnosis Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Serological-based detection methods include colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay (GICA), chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay (CLIA), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (LFIA). Each of these technologies also has advantages and disadvantages, but in terms of the speed of obtaining results, GICA is the fastest, followed by LFIA, while ELISA is the longest ( Table 1 ) [ 45 ]. The antigen-based test is also reliable for rapid COVID-19 diagnostics, with a sensitivity of around 85 to 95% [ 49 ].…”

Section: Advances In the Diagnosis Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measuring the Possibility of Middle Ear Discharge for COVID-19 Test Material

Kadriyan

Abtartu

Wardoyo

et al. 2022

Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases

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The COVID-19 pandemic is still ongoing, and new variants continue to emerge. Various examination methods and sampling specimens are continuously being developed and published. The standard for sampling is in the nasopharynx. However, in children, this is often uncomfortable and at risk of eliciting complications. Therefore, it is necessary to look for other alternative sampling sites such as fluid from the middle ear. Scientific evidence shows that the middle ear can be a place for the attachment and growth of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Currently, to the best of the author's knowledge, there have been no publications on middle ear discharge as a sample for the determination of the diagnosis of COVID-19. Based on this, the authors would like to explore the possibility of middle ear discharge for COVID-19 test material. A narrative review on the use of middle ear discharge as a potential diagnostic specimen for COVID-19 was conducted. The searches were conducted in the PubMed and ProQuest databases.

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“…The development of rapid and cost-effective SARS-CoV-2 detection systems is critical to control the unabated pandemic. Although many coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) detection methods have been reported so far [1],…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2-based biosensing modalities and devices for coronavirus detection

Gul¹,

Zhai²,

Zhong³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Rapid and cost-effective diagnostic tests for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have become a critical and valuable weapon for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic response. SARS-CoV-2 invasion is primarily mediated by human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2). Recent developments in ACE2-based SARS-CoV-2 detection modalities accentuate the potential of this natural host-virus interaction for developing point-of-care (POC) COVID-19 diagnostic tools and devices. Although research on harnessing ACE2 for SARS-CoV-2 detection is in its infancy, some interesting biosensing devices have been developed, showing the commercial viability of this intriguing new approach. The exquisite performance of the reported ACE2-based COVID-19 biosensors provides opportunities for researchers to develop rapid detection tools suitable for testing at points of entry, workplaces, or congregate scenarios in order to effectively implement pandemic control and management plans. However, to be considered as an emerging approach, the rationale for ACE2-based biosensing needs to be critically and comprehensively surveyed and discussed. Herein, we review the current status of ACE2-based detection methods, the signal transduction principles in ACE2 biosensors and the development trend in the future. We discuss the challenges to development of ACE2-biosensors and delineate prospects for their use, along with recommended solutions and suggestions

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Recent advances in detection technologies for COVID-19

Cited by 14 publications

References 128 publications

Diagnostic techniques for COVID-19: A mini-review

Diagnostic techniques for COVID-19: A mini-review

Measuring the Possibility of Middle Ear Discharge for COVID-19 Test Material

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2-based biosensing modalities and devices for coronavirus detection

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