Recent advances in engineering plant tolerance to abiotic stress: achievements and limitations

Vinocur, Basia; Altman, Arie

doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2005.02.001

Cited by 1,344 publications

(724 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The resurrection plants such as Craterostigma plantagineum is desiccation tolerant (poikilohydric) and can survive losses of up to 95 % water content by entering a quiescent stage and rehydrating rapidly. Resurrection plants have been widely used as model system for dehydration studies and their comparative evaluation vis-à-vis the non-tolerant plants suggests the genetic basis of tolerance mechanism to be a quantitative characteristic (Vinocur and Altman, 2005). Plant response to stress may thus involve a range of temporal scales, from a matter of seconds to evolutionary time scales resulting in acclimation and/or adaptation.…”

Section: Biological Water Deficitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic approaches towards overcoming water deficit in plants - special emphasis on LEAs

Khurana

Vishnudasan

Chhibbar

2008

Physiol Mol Biol Plants

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Water deficit arises as a result of low temperature, salinity and dehydration, thereby affecting plant growth adversely and making it imperative for plants to surmount such situations by acclimatizing/adapting at various levels. Water deficit stress results in significant changes in gene expression, mediated by interconnected signal transduction pathways that may be triggered by calcium, and regulated via ABA dependent and/or independent pathways. Hence, adaptation of plants to such stresses involves maintaining cellular homeostasis, detoxification of harmful elements and also growth alterations. Stress in general cause excess production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the plants overcome the same by either preventing the accumulation of ROS or by eliminating the ROS formed. Ion homeostasis includes processes such as cellular uptake, sequestration and export in conjunction with long distance transport. Requisite amounts of osmolytes are hence synthesized under stress to maintain turgor along with maintaining the macromolecular structures and also for scavenging ROS. Another noteworthy response is the accumulation of novel proteins, including enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of osmoprotectants, heat-shock proteins (HSPs), late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins, antifreeze proteins, chaperones, detoxification enzymes, transcription factors, kinases and phosphatases. The LEAs belong to a redundant protein family and are highly hydrophilic, boiling-soluble, non-globular and therefore have been defined and classified accordingly. The precise function of LEAs is still unknown, but substantial evidence indicates their involvement in dessication tolerance as the expression of LEAs confers increased resistance to stress in heterologous yeast system and also significantly improves water deficit tolerance in transgenic plants. Genetic manipulation of plants towards conferring abiotic stress tolerance is a daunting task, as the abiotic stress tolerance mechanism is highly complex and various strategies have been exploited to address and evaluate the stress tolerance mechanism, and the molecular responses to water deficit via complex signaling networks. Genomic technologies have recently been useful in integrating the multigenicity of the plant stress responses through, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolite profilling and their interactions. This review deals with the recent developments on genetic approaches for water stress tolerance in plants, with special emphasis on LEAs.

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Section: Biological Water Deficitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic approaches towards overcoming water deficit in plants - special emphasis on LEAs

Khurana

Vishnudasan

Chhibbar

2008

Physiol Mol Biol Plants

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“…miRNAs regulate plant responses to environmental stresses. Abiotic and biotic stresses are a big issue for plant growth and development, lots of field studies show that environmental stress caused about 20-30% yield loss, and some may destroy crop yield (Zhang et al, 2000;Mahajan and Tuteja, 2005;Vinocur and Altman, 2005;Yamaguchi and Blumwald, 2005). In the evolution, crops have evolved different mechanisms to resist different environmental stress, including salinity, cold, drought, and pests.…”

Section: Functions Of Micrornas In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNAs and their regulatory roles in animals and plants

Zhang

Wang

Pan

2006

Journal Cellular Physiology

493

307

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microRNAs (miRNAs) are an abundant class of newly identified endogenous non-protein-coding small RNAs. They exist in animals, plants, and viruses, and play an important role in gene silencing. Translational repression, mRNA cleavage, and mRNA decay initiated by miRNA-directed deadenylation of targeted mRNAs are three mechanisms of miRNA-guided gene regulation at the posttranscriptional levels. Many miRNAs are highly conserved in animals and plants, suggesting that they play an essential function in plants and animals. Lots of investigations indicate that miRNAs are involved in multiple biological processes, including stem cell differentiation, organ development, phase change, signaling, disease, cancer, and response to biotic and abiotic environmental stresses. This review provides a general background and current advance on the discovery, history, biogenesis, genomics, mechanisms, and functions of miRNAs.

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“…Plants are sessile organisms that must cope with multiple environmental stresses throughout their lives, such as dramatic temperature changes, drought, high salinity, and pathogenic infections [15,16]. Among them, salt stress is a serious and global abiotic factor, since high Na + ions in soil are toxic to plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation is necessary for plant salt tolerance

et al. 2010

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Eukaryotic organisms have quality-control mechanisms that allow misfolded or unassembled proteins to be retained in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and subsequently degraded by ER-associated degradation (ERAD). The ERAD pathway is well studied in yeast and mammals; however, the biological functions of plant ERAD have not been reported. Through molecular and cellular biological approaches, we found that ERAD is necessary for plants to overcome salt stress. Upon salt treatment ubiquitinated proteins increased in plant cells, especially unfolded proteins that quickly accumulated in the ER and subsequently induced ER stress responses. Defect in HRD3A of the HRD1/ HRD3 complex of the ERAD pathway resulted in alteration of the unfolded protein response (UPR), increased plant sensitivity to salt, and retention of ERAD substrates in plant cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Ca 2+ release from the ER is involved in the elevation of UPR and reactive oxygen species (ROS) participates the ERAD-related plant salt response pathway.

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Recent advances in engineering plant tolerance to abiotic stress: achievements and limitations

Cited by 1,344 publications

References 58 publications

Genetic approaches towards overcoming water deficit in plants - special emphasis on LEAs

Genetic approaches towards overcoming water deficit in plants - special emphasis on LEAs

MicroRNAs and their regulatory roles in animals and plants

The endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation is necessary for plant salt tolerance

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