Recent advances in finite element modeling of the human cervical spine

Kim, Yoon Hyuk; Khuyagbaatar, Batbayar; Kim, Kyung-Soo

doi:10.1007/s12206-017-1201-2

Cited by 35 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Furthermore, such results have been displayed in an intuitive form. Patients with upper cervical spine instability, especially during the symptoms period, can effectively avoid iatrogenic injury caused by dynamic‐position examination of the cervical spine by using these medical imaging methods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment and Finite Element Analysis of a Three‐dimensional Dynamic Model of Upper Cervical Spine Instability

Wang

Feng²,

2019

Orthopaedic Surgery

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Objectives To establish a dynamic three‐dimensional (3D) model of upper cervical spine instability and to analyze its biomechanical characteristics. Methods A 3D geometrical model was established after CT scanning of the upper cervical spine specimen. The ligament of the specimen was fatigued to establish the upper cervical spine‐instability model. A 100‐N preloaded stress was applied to the upper surface of the occipital bone, and then a 1.5‐Nm moment was applied in the occipital‐sagittal direction to simulate upper cervical spine flexion and extension. Subsequently, the 3D dynamic model was established based on trajectory data that were measured using a motion‐capture system. The stress on the main ligament and the relative motion angle of the joint were analyzed. Results The shape of the model grid was regular and the total number of its units was 627 000. After finite‐element analysis was conducted, results of the ligament stress and relative movement angle were obtained. After the upper cervical spine instability, the pressure of the alar ligament during the upper cervical spine extension was increased from 2.85 to 8.12 MPa. The pressure of the flavum ligament was increased during the upper‐cervical spine flexion, from 0.90 to 1.21 MPa. The pressure of the odontoid ligament was reduced during the upper cervical spine flexion and extension, from 10.46 to 6.67 MPa and 25.66 to 16.35 MPa, respectively. The pressure of the anterior longitudinal ligament and cruciate ligament was increased to a certain degree during upper cervical spine flexion and extension. The pressure of the anterior longitudinal ligament was increased during flexion and extension, from 7.70 to 10.10 MPa and 10.45 to 13.75 MPa, respectively. The pressure of the cruciate ligament was increased during flexion and extension, from 2.29 to 4.34 MPa and 2.32 to 4.40 MPa, respectively. In addition, after upper cervical spine instability, the articular‐surface relative‐movement angle of the atlanto‐occipital joint and atlanto‐axial joint had also changed. During upper cervical spine flexion, the angle of the atlanto‐occipital joint was increased from 3.49° to 5.51°, and the angle of the atlanto‐axial joint was increased from 8.84° to 13.70°. During upper cervical spine extension, the angle of the atlanto‐occipital joint was increased from 11.16° to 12.96°, and the angle of the atlanto‐axial joint was increased from 14.20° to 17.20°. Therefore, the movement angle of the atlanto‐axial joint was most obvious after induction of instability. Conclusion The 3D dynamic finite‐element model of the upper cervical spine can be used to analyze and summarize the relationship between the change of ligament stress and the degree of instability in cervical instability. Frequent or prolonged flexion activities are more likely to lead to instability of the upper cervical spine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment and Finite Element Analysis of a Three‐dimensional Dynamic Model of Upper Cervical Spine Instability

Wang

Feng²,

2019

Orthopaedic Surgery

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“…Since both methods have different strong points and weak points in dealing with dynamic problems, their combination would contribute to investigate the spine in aviation conditions. Like the study of spine models for aviation safety by Kim [ 11 ], integrating the effect of the pilot belt, the FE model can provide more accurate analyses of the dynamic response of the spine after impact loading compared with the MB dynamics model.…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Simulation Methods in Cervical Spine Dynamics

Sun

Cai

Liu

et al. 2020

Journal of Healthcare Engineering

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Neck injury is one of the most frequent spine injuries due to the complex structure of the cervical spine. The high incidence of neck injuries in collision accidents can bring a heavy economic burden to the society. Therefore, knowing the potential mechanisms of cervical spine injury and dysfunction is significant for improving its prevention and treatment. The research on cervical spine dynamics mainly concerns the fields of automobile safety, aeronautics, and astronautics. Numerical simulation methods are beneficial to better understand the stresses and strains developed in soft tissues with investigators and have been roundly used in cervical biomechanics. In this article, the simulation methods for the development and application of cervical spine dynamic problems in the recent years have been reviewed. The study focused mainly on multibody and finite element models. The structure, material properties, and application fields, especially the whiplash injury, were analyzed in detail. It has been shown that simulation methods have made remarkable progress in the research of cervical dynamic injury mechanisms, and some suggestions on the research of cervical dynamics in the future have been proposed.

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“…To avoid assessing the same model used for different clinical scenarios, only original models (with model development presented for the first time) and their validation studies were included in this review. With its focus on methods and validation, this work is complementary to recent reviews on the role of each spinal component in load transmission (Ghezelbash et al 2020), on the structure-function relationship of the facet joints (O'Leary et al 2018), or on finite element analysis of the cervical spine biomechanics (Suarez-Escobar and Rendon-Velez 2018; Kim et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 2018 ), or on finite element analysis of the cervical spine biomechanics (Suarez-Escobar and Rendon-Velez 2018 ; Kim et al. 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanical modelling of the facet joints: a review of methods and validation processes in finite element analysis

Mengoni

2020

Biomech Model Mechanobiol

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There is an increased interest in studying the biomechanics of the facet joints. For in silico studies, it is therefore important to understand the level of reliability of models for outputs of interest related to the facet joints. In this work, a systematic review of finite element models of multi-level spinal section with facet joints output of interest was performed. The review focused on the methodology used to model the facet joints and its associated validation. From the 110 papers analysed, 18 presented some validation of the facet joints outputs. Validation was done by comparing outputs to literature data, either computational or experimental values; with the major drawback that, when comparing to computational values, the baseline data was rarely validated. Analysis of the modelling methodology showed that there seems to be a compromise made between accuracy of the geometry and nonlinearity of the cartilage behaviour in compression. Most models either used a soft contact representation of the cartilage layer at the joint or included a cartilage layer which was linear elastic. Most concerning, soft contact models usually did not contain much information on the pressure-overclosure law. This review shows that to increase the reliability of in silico model of the spine for facet joints outputs, more needs to be done regarding the description of the methods used to model the facet joints, and the validation for specific outputs of interest needs to be more thorough, with recommendation to systematically share input and output data of validation studies.

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Recent advances in finite element modeling of the human cervical spine

Cited by 35 publications

References 74 publications

Establishment and Finite Element Analysis of a Three‐dimensional Dynamic Model of Upper Cervical Spine Instability

Establishment and Finite Element Analysis of a Three‐dimensional Dynamic Model of Upper Cervical Spine Instability

Application of Simulation Methods in Cervical Spine Dynamics

Biomechanical modelling of the facet joints: a review of methods and validation processes in finite element analysis

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