Recent advances in immunoassay-based mycotoxin analysis and toxicogenomic technologies

Abstract

The co-occurrence and accumulation of mycotoxin in food and feed constitutes a major issue to food safety, food security, and public health. Accurate and sensitive mycotoxins analysis can avoid toxin contamination as well as reduce food wastage caused by false positive results. This mini review focuses on the recent advance in detection methods for multiple mycotoxins, which mainly depends on immunoassay technologies. Advance immunoassay technologies integrated in mycotoxin analysis enable simultaneous detection of multiple mycotoxins and enhance the outcomes’ quality. It highlights toxicogenomic as novel approach for hazard assessment by utilizing computational methods to map molecular events and biological processes. Indeed, toxicogenomic is a powerful tool to understand health effects from mycotoxin exposure as it offers insight on the mechanisms by which mycotoxins exposures cause diseases.

Recent Advances in the Detection of Food Toxins Using Mass Spectrometry

“…However, compounds with similar core structures or nontoxic analogs can provide false positive results. Phycotoxins like Okadaic acid, Yessotoxin, Pectenotoxin, Azaspiracid, Cyclic imines, Palytoxin, Domoic acid, Saxitoxin, Microcystin, and Cylindrospermospsin; mycotoxins like Aflatoxin B1, Deoxynivalenol, Fumonisin B1 Zearalenone, and T-2; and bacterial toxins like Clostridium perfringens α, β, and ε toxin, Staphylococcal enterotoxins A, B, C, and E, botulinum toxins, and Escherichia coli enterotoxins − are detected using immunoassay methods.…”

Immunosensors for Assay of Toxic Biological Warfare Agents

“…Various instrumental devices are available for the purpose, and accurate and sensitive assays of hazardous toxic materials are possible. Mass spectrometry, chromatography, electrophoresis, and immunochemical methods, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, can be standard analytical chemistry for toxins [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Although standard methods are available and fully applicable, they have disadvantages, such as the price of the device, cost per assay, and demands on staff and other laboratory equipment.…”