Recent advances in monolithic columns for protein and peptide separation by capillary liquid chromatography

Abstract

Capillary liquid chromatography (cLC) has great potential for protein and peptide separation, with advantages of high efficiency, high resolution, low sample consumption, and high sensitivity when coupled with mass spectrometry. In recent years, monoliths have been widely used as the stationary phases for capillary columns, owing to easy preparation, high permeability, fast mass transfer, and low backpressure. This review summarizes recent advances (2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012) in monolithic columns for protein and peptide separation by cLC. After a brief introduction on the preparation of monolithic capillary columns, the emphasis of this review is focused on the recent application of such columns for protein and peptide separation by cLC. Furthermore, the challenges and potential hot points of monolithic capillary columns in the future are discussed.

Preparation of Hybrid Monolithic Columns via “One-Pot” Photoinitiated Thiol–Acrylate Polymerization for Retention-Independent Performance in Capillary Liquid Chromatography

“…Various organic monoliths including the polymethacrylates, polyacrylamides and polystyrenes have been successfully fabricated and applied for the separation science, especially for separation of large biomolecules [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] .…”

Preparation and evaluation of poly(alkyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic acid-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) monolithic columns for separating polar small molecules by capillary liquid chromatography

“…A number of review articles have been published to discuss the chemistry of monolith polymerization [16,17] as well as the development and applications [18][19][20][21] of polymer-based monoliths. In previous studies, various polymer-based monolithic stationary phases were successfully utilized to separate large biomolecules such as proteins [4,6,21,22] and/or small molecules [5,8,23,24]. In addition to chromatographic separation, the polymer-based monoliths have also been utilized as solid-phase extraction (SPE) sorbents for sample pre-treatment in various bioanalytical and environmental applications [25,26].…”

Challenges and Advances in the Fabrication of Monolithic Bioseparation Materials and their Applications in Proteomics Research

“…In this decade (2010–2018), the number of publications was almost stable at more than 200 per year. There emerged several excellent review articles related to the progress and application of monolithic columns in the fields of microscale bioseparation, sample pretreatment, solid‐phase microextraction (SPME) or extraction (SPE), and immobilized proteolytic enzyme reactors (IMER) for proteomics analysis …”