“…This reaction was observed under potential conditions of >800 mV (Figure S2). This Ppy aggregation affects the ability of the Ab recognition layer to bind Ag. − The fluorescence images at 700 and 800 mV show the aggregation of Abs, and the largest aggregation structure must cause diminution of the effective Ab area for binding Ag. Therefore, the superior limit was chosen to be 650 mV.…”