Recent Advances in Nanomaterials for Asthma Treatment

Abstract

Asthma is a chronic airway inflammatory disease with complex mechanisms, and these patients often encounter difficulties in their treatment course due to the heterogeneity of the disease. Currently, clinical treatments for asthma are mainly based on glucocorticoid-based combination drug therapy; however, glucocorticoid resistance and multiple side effects, as well as the occurrence of poor drug delivery, require the development of more promising treatments. Nanotechnology is an emerging technology that has been extensively researched in the medical field. Several studies have shown that drug delivery systems could significantly improve the targeting, reduce toxicity and improve the bioavailability of drugs. The use of multiple nanoparticle delivery strategies could improve the therapeutic efficacy of drugs compared to traditional delivery methods. Herein, the authors presented the mechanisms of asthma development and current therapeutic methods. Furthermore, the design and synthesis of different types of nanomaterials and micromaterials for asthma therapy are reviewed, including polymetric nanomaterials, solid lipid nanomaterials, cell membranes-based nanomaterials, and metal nanomaterials. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives of these nanomaterials are discussed to provide guidance for further research directions and hopefully promote the clinical application of nanotherapeutics in asthma treatment.

Circular RNA vaccine in disease prevention and treatment

“…Polymetric nanoparticles, characterized by chemical/thermal stabilities, noncorrosiveness, suitable transition temperatures, high payload encapsulation efficiency, moderate protection ability, and customizable practicality, are potentially valuable for circRNA delivery. 193 , 194 Cationic nanoemulsions in which cationic lipids are added to the formulation by electrostatic interactions were proposed as an effective RNA-based vaccine delivery system for the treatment of various diseases. 195 , 196 Importantly, exosomes are extracellular nanometer-sized vesicles released by endogenous cells.…”

Advancing Treatment Strategies: A Comprehensive Review of Drug Delivery Innovations for Chronic Inflammatory Respiratory Diseases

“…A kind of selective organ targeting (SORT) nanoparticle was designed to release its cargo in a controlled manner; it can target the site of inflammation in the lungs and elsewhere while minimizing exposure of healthy tissue in other parts of the body [ 37 ]. This targeted drug delivery approach has the potential to reduce drug toxicity and improve patient outcomes [ 38 ]. Recently, a growing number of hybrid nanoparticles (HNPs) have emerged that can simultaneously possess the characteristics of different nanoparticles [ 39 ].…”

Can we apply biomarkers in the management of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug exacerbated respiratory disease?

“…The use of nanoparticles has therapeutic efficacy by improving pharmacokinetics, reducing drug toxicities, and targeting drug delivery [107]. Therefore, the application of nanoparticles to deliver appropriate medications has been widely explored in various medical fields, particularly in malignancy [108]. Application of nanoparticles such as polymeric nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, extracellular vesicle nanomaterials, and metal nanoparticles in asthma have been also investigated for overcoming the limitation of classical therapeutic drugs and achieving precise medicine [109,110].…”