Recent Advances in Tissue Conditioners for Prosthetic Treatment. A review.

Abstract

Tissue conditioners (TCs) are short-term soft liners, formed in situ from a mixture of a polymer powder and a liquid plasticizer. This article reviews the recent advances in the composition, functions, clinical use, gelation process, and physical properties of TCs and their effects on denture bases and oral mucosa. TCs are used to improve the fit and function of an ill-fitting denture. They can also be used to treat abused mucosal tissues underlying ill-fitting acrylic dentures as temporary expedients. TCs are recommended as provisional liners to maintain the fit of removable dentures and to prevent mechanical irritation from the denture. TCs may also be used to rehabilitate cancer patients. The polymer powder, used in the formulation of TCs generally consists of polyethyl methacrylate (PEMA) and the liquid plasticizer is ester-based in ethyl alcohol solution without an acrylic monomer. The plasticizers are low molecular weight aromatic esters. Mixing of the powder and liquid results in polymer chain entanglement and the formation of a coherent gel characterized by viscoelastic behavior appropriate to its intended clinical use. The loss of surface integrity and surface roughness of TCs are regarded as the main problems in the denture bearing oral mucosa conditions resulting in inflammation of oral mucosa of the denture-bearing area -denture stomatitis. TCs provide an even distribution of masticatory force, accurately modeling itself to the changes which occur during the healing of lesion of substrate and can act therapeutically by incorporating antifungal or antibacterial agents.

Effects of a hydroxyapatite coating on the stability of endosseous implants in rabbit tibiae

“…25 This difference has been associated with the chemical composition of coated implants rather than coating surface roughness. 20,26 Implant surface roughness affects osseointegration and surfaces with Sa = 1-2 µm are most effective. 17 Although rougher HA-coated implants presented statistically significant increases of both ISQ and PTV values, an improvement in osseointegration was attributed to the surface chemistry, since the difference in the implant roughness was small.…”

“…19 Calcium ions enable the formation of a biochemical bond between the implant and the bone, which results in faster and more intense osseoinegration. [18][19][20] Phosphate groups, on the other hand, provide potential chemical bonding sites for calcium ions and for the hydroxyapatite of the bone matrix during biological mineralization and are responsible for biochemical interaction between the implant and the bone (not just mechanical interlocking as in case of non-chemically modified surfaces). 21 Fig .…”

The Prosthetic Management of a Case of Epulis Fissuratum by a Novel Technique

“…Also, the physicochemical properties of the tissue conditioner used ensure a harmonious distribution of the occlusal loads, improve the stability and the retention of the prosthesis by a maximum exploitation of the support surfaces. It also the establishment of the vertical occlusal dimension allow a neuro-musculoarticular conditioning, and easier integration of the new prosthesis (10,11). After healing, conventional prosthetic rehabilitation was established with a schedule for the control sessions.…”

Proposal of Dental Hygiene Diagnosis for Cancer Patients Based on Dental Hygiene Process of Care in Acute Care Hospitals: A Narrative Review

“…[46] Ill-fitting denture *CP The condition in which diagnosis of ill-fitting denture has been made by a dentist. [47] Masticatory disturbance *CP The condition in which diagnosis of masticatory disturbance has been made by a dentist. [30] HN4: Skin and mucous membrane integrity of the head and neck…”