Recent advances in understanding the biochemical and molecular mechanism of diabetic cardiomyopathy

Abstract

Cardiovascular complications account for significant morbidity and mortality in the diabetic population. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), a prominent cardiovascular complication, has been recognized as a microvascular disease that may lead to heart failure. During the past few decades, research progress has been made in investigating the pathophysiology of the disease; however, the exact molecular mechanism has not been elucidated, making therapeutic a difficult task. In this review article, we have discussed a number of diabetes-induced metabolites such as glucose, advanced glycation end products, protein kinase C, free fatty acid and oxidative stress and other related factors that are implicated in the pathophysiology of the DCM. An understanding of the biochemical and molecular changes especially early in the DCM may lead to new and effective therapies toward prevention and amelioration of DCM, which is important for the millions of individuals who already have or are likely to develop the disease before a cure becomes available.

Effects of Radix Total Glucosides of Paeonia on the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Macrophage Recruitment on Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Rats

“…The main component of paeoniflorin, through its antioxidant effect against myocardial ischemia and hypoxia, improve cardiac function [2], the results also confirmed that the total glucosides of paeony (paeoniflorin) and the decrease of + dP / dtmax and-dP / dtmax in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion model, which indicated the protective effect on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion.…”

“…It has anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory and anti-oxidative effects, and TGP has obvious protective effect on heart, brain and liver ischemia [ 1,2,3], and this effect may be related to its antioxidant, but few domestic and foreign literature Wnt / β-catenin signaling pathway in anti-ischemia-reperfusion injury in the role. In this study, Wnt / β-catenin signal pathway to study the effect of total glucosides of paeony on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in myocardial infarction and apoptosis.…”

Role of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy

“…Impaired calcium handling, altered metabolism, increased oxidative stress, remodeling of extracellular matrix (ECM), endothelial dysfunction and mitochondrial dysfunction have been found to participate in the pathogenesis of DCM (2,(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). A number of signaling proteins and pathways have been implicated in contributing to the development of DCM, including protein kinase C, nuclear factor-κB, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways (15,16).…”

Ginsenoside Rg1 ameliorates oxidative stress and myocardial apoptosis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

“…With improved understanding of cardiovascular injury in DM patients, it is now recognized that DM not only induces endothelial dysfunction and subsequent atherosclerosis, but also directly leads to myocardial damage, perhaps via persistent hyperglycemia or an inflammation-related pathophysiologic mechanism (Aneja et al, 2008;Liu et al, 2012). The specific myocardial damage known as diabetic cardiomyopathy exists independent of factors such as coronary heart disease or hypertension (Voulgari et al, 2010;Falcão-Pires and Leite-Moreira, 2012).…”