Recent Development in Liquid Metal Materials

He, Jie; Liang, Shuting; Li, Fengjiao; Yang, Qiangbin; Huang, Mengjun; He, Yu; Fan, Xuetong; Wu, Mei-Lin

doi:10.1002/open.202000330

Cited by 33 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In particular, the nonvolatile EGaIn is less toxic than Hg and exhibits no radioactivity in comparison with Rb, Cs and Fr. What is more, the high chemical stability of EGaIn promotes its harmlessness and biocompatibility [63]. In general, Ga-based LMs include pure Ga, EGaIn, gallium-indium-stannum ternary alloy (GaInSn) and gallium-indium-stannum-zinc quaternary alloy (GaInSnZn) and they have kept attracting great attentions over a wide variety of promising applications, such as textile circuits, high-contrast imaging, drug delivery and 3D printing [64].…”

Section: Liquid Metalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Fiber Materials for Wearable Electronics

et al. 2022

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Fiber materials are highly desirable for wearable electronics that are expected to be flexible and stretchable. Compared with rigid and planar electronic devices, fiber-based wearable electronics provide significant advantages in terms of flexibility, stretchability and breathability, and they are considered as the pioneers in the new generation of soft wearables. The convergence of textile science, electronic engineering and nanotechnology has made it feasible to build electronic functions on fibers and maintain them during wear. Over the last few years, fiber-shaped wearable electronics with desired designability and integration features have been intensively explored and developed. As an indispensable part and cornerstone of flexible wearable devices, fibers are of great significance. Herein, the research progress of advanced fiber materials is reviewed, which mainly includes various material preparations, fabrication technologies and representative studies on different wearable applications. Finally, key challenges and future directions of fiber materials and wearable electronics are examined along with an analysis of possible solutions. Graphical abstract

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Section: Liquid Metalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Fiber Materials for Wearable Electronics

et al. 2022

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“…LM (i.e., EGaIn) is a liquid at room temperature (20 °C) and normal pressure (101.325 kPa), and has great potential in flexible electronics, catalysts, and robots [ 9 , 10 , 11 ]. Unlike mercury, which is toxic, gallium-based liquid metals are non-toxic and bio-compatible [ 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-Engraved Liquid Metal Circuit for Wearable Electronics

Liang

Song

2022

Bioengineering

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Conventional patterning methods for producing liquid metal (LM) electronic circuits, such as the template method, use chemical etching, which requires long cycle times, high costs, and multiple-step operations. In this study, a novel and reliable laser engraving micro-fabrication technology was introduced, which was used to fabricate personalized patterns of LM electronic circuits. First, by digitizing the pattern, a laser printing technology was used to burn a polyethylene (PE) film, where a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or paper substrate was used to produce grooves. Then, the grooves were filled with LM and the PE film was removed; finally, the metal was packaged with PDMS film. The experimental results showed that the prepared LM could fabricate precise patterned electronic circuits, such as golden serpentine curves and Peano curves. The minimum width and height of the LM circuit were 253 μm and 200 μm, respectively, whereas the printed LM circuit on paper reached a minimum height of 26 μm. This LM flexible circuit could also be adapted to various sensor devices and was successfully applied to heart rate detection. Laser engraving micro-processing technologies could be used to customize various high-resolution LM circuit patterns in a short time, and have broad prospects in the manufacture of flexible electronic equipment.

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“…To overcome these limitations, there are several emerging strategies for creating flexible fibers, and liquid metals (LMs) may represent one of the candidate materials . Owing to their excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and low toxicity, they have been receiving considerable attention to tackle current challenges. − To the best of our knowledge, the research of LM composite fibers is in the initial stage. ,− Furthermore, there has been a steady growth of research papers in this field, − reporting various LM composite fiber sensors, including self-powered sensors, implantable biosensors, selective biosensors, strain sensors, and capacitive sensors . For example, Wu previously reported the LM microfibers as self-powered sensors .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Tactile Sensing Microfibers Based On Liquid Metals

Liang

et al. 2022

ACS Omega

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High-performance and intelligent fibers are indispensable parts of wearable electronics in the future. This work mainly demonstrates the preparation of flexible intelligent liquid metal (LM) fibers with three core–sheath structures. An ultra-thin (10–50 μm), conductive, and highly flexible LM was deposited on the fiber core [carbon/polyethylene terephthalate (C/PET)––150–500 μm] along the fiber direction and then deposited on a polymer-protective layer [polyvinyl alcohol/epoxy resin (PVA/EP)––10 μm]. Four kinds of LM intelligent fibers were manufactured, including the C–LM–PVA fiber, C–LM–EP fiber, PET–LM–PVA fiber, and PET–LM–EP fiber. These LM intelligent fibers (diameter, 150–600 μm) were demonstrated with a high conductivity of 7.839 × 10 4 S·m –1 . The changes in resistance in different torsion directions were measured, and these smart LM fibers could also be used as electrical heaters or thermoelectric generators, which released heat (36–36.9 °C/1–1.5 V) into the environment. Then, these multifunctional LM fibers were applied as high-performance strain sensors and bending sensors. These flexible LM conductive fibers could be successfully utilized in intelligent wearable fabrics and were expected to be widely utilized in artificial muscle and sensor fields.

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Recent Development in Liquid Metal Materials

Cited by 33 publications

References 49 publications

Advanced Fiber Materials for Wearable Electronics

Advanced Fiber Materials for Wearable Electronics

Laser-Engraved Liquid Metal Circuit for Wearable Electronics

Flexible Tactile Sensing Microfibers Based On Liquid Metals

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