Recent Developments in Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer

Abstract

133Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed noncutaneous cancer and second leading cause of cancer mortality in American men. The lifetime risk for prostate cancer is estimated at one in six; 30,000 men die of the disease annually in the US.1 Prostate cancer is driven by the hormonally responsive transcription factor androgen receptor (AR) and the majority of prostate cancers are detected via serum level increase of the AR target gene prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Localized and low-risk prostate cancer is actively monitored or treated via radical prostatectomy (RP), brachytherapy, or external beam radiation therapy (EBRT). KeywordsLocally advanced prostate cancer (LAPC), androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), androgen receptor (AR), dose-escalation, external beam radiotherapy (EBRT), conformal radiotherapy (CRT), continuous and intermittent ADT (CAD, IAD), prostate specific antigen (PSA), castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), radiotherapy synergy, luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) analog, androgen receptor antagonist, anti-androgen, CYP17 inhibitor, molecular and metabolic markers, biomarkers