Recent Developments in Antiphospholipid Antibodies and the Antiphospholipid Syndrome

Urbanus, Rolf T.

doi:10.1055/s-0038-1657761

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) reflect one of the diagnostic hallmarks of a variety of autoimmune conditions, most notably antiphospholipid (antibody) syndrome (APS), which is associated with several adverse clinical events, including thrombosis and pregnancy morbidity. 82,83 APS is potentially lethal, in particular as the "catastrophic" type. Laboratory testing for aPL assists with diagnosis or exclusion of APS, and comprises both liquid-phase assays (notably, testing for LA) and solid-phase assays ("aPL," e.g., anticardiolipin antibodies [aCL] and ant-β2 glycoprotein I antibodies [aB2GPI]).…”

Section: Antiphospholipid Antibodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Mainstream Hemostasis Diagnostics and Coagulation Testing

Favaloro

Lippi

2019

Semin Thromb Hemost

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The authors provide a narrative review of mainstream hemostasis analyzers. The review is presented in two parts. In the first part, the authors give voice to several internationally representative manufacturers of mainstream hemostasis analyzers. They ask these manufacturers to (1) answer a series of survey questions that may otherwise reflect common questions asked by users or potential users of their equipment, (2) provide a bullet list of their main focus areas, and (3) provide other information in regard to their instrumentation. The authors then offer their own personal perspective of the benefits of various aspects of such equipment, as well as a sampling of some hemostasis tests as currently available, or potentially in progress. It is hoped that this snapshot of mainstream hemostasis diagnostics and coagulation testing drives positive future changes that will ultimately provide the best outcomes for laboratories performing hemostasis assays and the patients they help diagnose and manage.

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Section: Antiphospholipid Antibodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Mainstream Hemostasis Diagnostics and Coagulation Testing

Favaloro

Lippi

2019

Semin Thromb Hemost

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“…107 Also, autoantibodies that recognize phospholipids could trigger NETs activation, 108 thus exposing patients to risks of hyper-coagulation, similar to that occurring in the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. 109 Taken together, these data support NETs as potential effectors of thrombosis in organs affected by SARS-CoV-2, including the heart, where NETs activation could affect the microcirculation, 110 determining diffuse ischaemic conditions. So far, NETs formation can only be assessed indirectly, based on the detection of circulating DNA, histone H3, and myeloperoxidase.…”

Section: Immunothrombosismentioning

confidence: 68%

COVID-19-related cardiac complications from clinical evidences to basic mechanisms: opinion paper of the ESC Working Group on Cellular Biology of the Heart

Pesce

Agostoni

Bøtker

et al. 2021

Cardiovascular Research

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The pandemic of Coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 is a global threat, causing high mortality, especially in the elderly. The main symptoms and the primary cause of death are related to interstitial pneumonia. Viral entry also into myocardial cells mainly via the angiotensin converting enzyme type 2 (ACE2) receptor and excessive production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, however, also make the heart susceptible to injury. In addition to the immediate damage caused by the acute inflammatory response, the heart may also suffer from long-term consequences of COVID-19, potentially causing a post-pandemic increase in cardiac complications. Although the main cause of cardiac damage in COVID-19 remains coagulopathy with micro- (and to a lesser extent macro-) vascular occlusion, open questions remain about other possible modalities of cardiac dysfunction, such as direct infection of myocardial cells, effects of cytokines storm, and mechanisms related to enhanced coagulopathy. In this opinion paper, we focus on these lesser appreciated possibilities and propose experimental approaches that could provide a more comprehensive understanding of the cellular and molecular bases of cardiac injury in COVID-19 patients. We first discuss approaches to characterize cardiac damage caused by possible direct viral infection of cardiac cells, followed by formulating hypotheses on how to reproduce and investigate the hyperinflammatory and pro-thrombotic conditions observed in the heart of COVID-19 patients using experimental in vitro systems. Finally, we elaborate on strategies to discover novel pathology biomarkers using omics platforms.

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“…Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) may be the first thrombotic manifestation of APS. 7,33 The prevalence of aPL positivity in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) ranges from 5 to 15%. 34,35 In the "Euro-Phospholipid cohort" (including 1,000 patients with APS), AMI was the initial clinical manifestation in 2.8% of patients, and it appeared during disease progression in 5.5% of cases.…”

Section: Ischemic Heart Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac Manifestations of Antiphospholipid Syndrome: Clinical Presentation, Role of Cardiac Imaging, and Treatment Strategies

Tufano

Minno

Guida

et al. 2019

Semin Thromb Hemost

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Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies, vascular thrombosis (venous, arterial, or small vessels), and/or pregnancy morbidity. Diagnosis of APS is based on the presence of at least one clinical criterion (thrombotic events or pregnancy morbidity) and at least one of the laboratory criteria (persistently medium/high titer immunoglobulin G [IgG]/immunoglobulin M [IgM] anticardiolipin antibodies, and/or medium/high titer IgG/IgM anti-β2-glycoprotein I antibodies, and/or a positive lupus anticoagulant test), confirmed after repetition at least 12 weeks apart. The clinical spectrum of APS encompasses additional (extracriteria) clinical manifestations, including cardiac diseases. Heart involvement may become evident as a consequence of direct (autoimmune-mediated) or indirect (thrombosis) mechanisms, and include valve heart disease (vegetations and/or thickening associated with functional abnormalities) and intracardiac thrombosis, coronary, and vascular accelerated atherosclerosis, along with ischemic heart disease. APS can also cause pulmonary arterial hypertension, left ventricular dysfunction, and heart failure. This review describes the major cardiac manifestations of APS and illustrates the role of cardiac imaging for diagnosing subclinical and overt heart involvement and addressing management of these patients. The possible role of therapeutic strategies in cardiac manifestations of APS is also discussed.

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Recent Developments in Antiphospholipid Antibodies and the Antiphospholipid Syndrome

Cited by 3 publications

References 18 publications

Recent Advances in Mainstream Hemostasis Diagnostics and Coagulation Testing

Recent Advances in Mainstream Hemostasis Diagnostics and Coagulation Testing

COVID-19-related cardiac complications from clinical evidences to basic mechanisms: opinion paper of the ESC Working Group on Cellular Biology of the Heart

Cardiac Manifestations of Antiphospholipid Syndrome: Clinical Presentation, Role of Cardiac Imaging, and Treatment Strategies

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